A systematic review of the antipsychotic properties of cannabidiol in humans T.A. Iseger, M.G. Bossong Schizophrenia Research, 2015, 162, (1-3), 153-161 doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2015.01.033 Abstract Despite extensive study over the past decades, available treatments for schizophrenia are only modestly effective and cause serious metabolic and neurological side effects. Therefore, there is an urgent need for novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of schizophrenia. A highly promising new pharmacological target in the context of schizophrenia is the endocannabinoid system. Modulation of this system by the main psychoactive component in cannabis, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), induces acute psychotic effects and cognitive impairment. However, the non-psychotropic, plant-derived cannabinoid agent cannabidiol (CBD) [...]
Lire la suiteThe Potential of Cannabidiol Treatment for Cannabis Users With Recent-Onset Psychosis Britta Hahn Schizophrenia Bulletin, 2018, vol. 44, no. 1, 46–53 doi:10.1093/schbul/sbx105 A major factor associated with poor prognostic outcome after a first psychotic break is cannabis misuse, which is prevalent in schizophrenia and particularly common in individuals with recent-onset psychosis. Behavioral interventions aimed at reducing cannabis use have been unsuccessful in this population. Cannabidiol (CBD) is a phytocannabinoid found in cannabis, although at low concentrations in modern-day strains. CBD has a broad pharmacological profile, but contrary to Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), CBD does not activate CB1 or CB2 receptors and has at most subtle subjective [...]
Lire la suiteCannabis use, pain and prescription opioid use in people living with chronic non-cancer pain : Findings from a four-year prospective cohort Gabrielle Campbell, Wayne D. Hall, Amy Peacock, Nicholas Lintzeris, Raimondo Bruno, Briony Larance, Suzanne Nielsen, Milton Cohen, Gary Chan, Richard P. Mattick, Fiona Blyth, Marian Shanahan, Timothy Dobbins, Michael Farrell, Louisa Degenhardt Lancet Public Health, 2018, 3, (7): e341–e350. doi:10.1016/S2468-2667(18)30110-5. Abstract Background : There has been growing interest in the use of cannabis and cannabinoids to treat chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP). Cannabis and cannabinoids have attracted attention because of their greater safety compared with opioids, and the possibility that their use can reduce opioid [...]
Lire la suiteCannabidiol Counteracts the Psychotropic Side-Effects of Δ-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol in the Ventral Hippocampus through Bidirectional Control of ERK1–2 Phosphorylation Roger Hudson, Justine Renard, Christopher Norris, Walter J. Rushlow and Steven R. Laviolette Journal of Neuroscience, 2019, 39, (44), 8762-8777 Doi : https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0708-19.2019 Abstract Evidence suggests that the phytocannabinoids Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) differentially regulate salience attribution and psychiatric risk. The ventral hippocampus (vHipp) relays emotional salience via control of dopamine (DA) neuronal activity states, which are dysregulated in psychosis and schizophrenia. Using in vivo electrophysiology in male Sprague Dawley rats, we demonstrate that intra-vHipp THC strongly increases ventral tegmental area (VTA) DA neuronal frequency [...]
Lire la suitePsychiatric Comorbidity of Cannabis Use Disorder David Gorelick In book : "Cannabis Use Disorders", January 2019 DOI : 10.1007/978-3-319-90365-1_13 Abstract : Objective : This chapter reviews the epidemiology and treatment of cannabis use disorder (CUD) with psychiatric comorbidity. Methods : We summarize the findings of English-language epidemiological studies reporting current (past-year) comorbidity and of controlled clinical trials of treatment in which the majority of participants had diagnosed CUD and a specific comorbid disorder. Results : There is substantial CUD comorbidity among community-dwelling adults with major psychiatric disorders: 4–6% for depression, 14% for bipolar disorder, 5% for anxiety disorder, and 16% for schizophrenia. Conversely, there is substantial psychiatric [...]
Lire la suiteAyahuasca in Adolescence : A Preliminary Psychiatric Assessment Dartiu Xavier Da Silveira; Charles S. Grob; Marlene Dobkin de Rios; Enrique Lopez; Luisa K. Alonso; Cristiane Tacla & Evelyn Doering-Silveira Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 2005, 37, (2), 129-133. www.neip.info Abstract Ayahuasca is believed to be harmless for those (including adolescents) drinking it within a religious setting. Nevertheless controlled studies on the mental/ psychiatric status of ritual hallucinogenic ayahuasca concoction consumers are still lacking. In this study, 40 adolescents from a Brazilian ayahuasca sect were compared with 40 controls matched on sex, age, and educational background for psychiatric symptomatology. Screening scales for depression, anxiety, alcohol consumption patterns (abuse), [...]
Lire la suiteRenseignements destinés aux professionnels de la santé : Le cannabis (marijuana, marihuana) et les cannabinoïdes (Version PDF - 2,690 Ko) https://www.canada.ca/fr/sante-canada/services/drogues-medicaments/cannabis/renseignements-medecins/renseignements-destines-professionnels-sante-cannabis-cannabinoides.html Santé Canada Auteur : Hanan Abramovici Ph.D. Co-auteurs : Sophie-Anne Lamour, Ph.D. et George Mammen, Ph.D. Nous republions cet excellent document de Santé Canada, et surtout, le résumé des indications reconnues, et envisagées, du cannabis thérapeutique. Aperçu des énoncés récapitulatifs Les énoncés récapitulatifs suivants visent à résumer le contenu des sections 4.0 (Usages thérapeutiques possibles) et 7.0 (Effets indésirables) et leurs sous-sections respectives. Les énoncés récapitulatifs peuvent être également trouvés dans leurs sections et sous-sections respectives dans le corps même du document. Remarque: la plupart des études [...]
Lire la suiteLong-term Heavy Cannabis Use : implications for health education Niall COGGANS, Phil DALGARNO, Lindsay JOHNSON & David SHEWAN Drugs : education, prevention and policy, 2004, Vol. 11, No. 4, 299–313 ABSTRACT There is growing evidence that cannabis can have negative effects on health. While the ongoing debate about the nature and duration of these effects recognizes mild cognitive impairment, the evidence for irreversibility of cognitive impairment and causal links with psychiatric illness is not conclusive. There is undoubtedly potential for impairment of respiratory functioning, but that will depend on lifetime load and in most cases is confounded with tobacco smoking. There is a [...]
Lire la suitePsychiatry might need some psychedelic therapy Matthew W. Johnson International Review of Psychiatry, 2018, 30, 4, 285-290, DOI: 10.1080/09540261.2018.1509544 EDITORIAL Psychiatry might need some psychedelic therapy In historical and modern-day studies, psychedelic drugs have shown promise in managing a variety of psychiatric disorders, but their medical use has often raised controversies. The controversies have related to social, political, and legal challenges. History Although anthropological evidence suggests that classic psychedelic drugs (hereafter, ‘psychedelics’) have been used by various indigenous peoples as sacraments and healing agents before recorded history, in the mid-twentieth century they came to occupy a place at the cutting edge of psychiatric research (Johnson, Richards, & Griffiths, [...]
Lire la suiteLong-term follow-up of psilocybin-facilitated smoking cessation Johnson M.W., Garcia-Romeu A., Griffiths R.R. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 2017, 43, (1), 55–60 http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00952990.2016.1170135 Abstract Background : A recent open-label pilot study (N = 15) found that two to three moderate to high doses (20 and 30 mg/70 kg) of the serotonin 2A receptor agonist, psilocybin, in combination with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for smoking cessation, resulted in substantially higher 6-month smoking abstinence rates than are typically observed with other medications or CBT alone. Objectives : To assess long-term effects of a psilocybin-facilitated smoking cessation program at ≥12 months after psilocybin administration. Methods : The present [...]
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