The Association of Salvia divinorum and Psychotic Disorders: A Review of the Literature and Case Series Joseph El-Khoury & Nayiri Sahakian Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 2015, 47, 4, 286-292 https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2015.1073815 Abstract The association of substance abuse and psychotic disorders is of interest to clinicians, academics, and lawmakers. Commonly abused substances, such as cannabis, cocaine, amphetamines, and alcohol, have all been associated with substance-induced psychosis. Hallucinogens can induce desired psychedelic effects and undesirable psychomimetic reactions. These are usually transient and resolve once the duration of action is over. Sometimes, these effects persist, causing distress and requiring intervention. This article focuses on the hallucinogenic substance Salvia divinorum, [...]
Lire la suiteDose-related Effects of Salvinorin A in Humans : Dissociative, Hallucinogenic, and Memory Effects MacLEAN K.A., JOHNSON M.W., REISSIG C.J., PRISINZANO T.E., GRIFFITHS R.R. : Psychopharmacology (Berl), 2013, 226, (2), 381–392. doi: 10.1007/s00213-012-2912-9 Abstract Rationale—Salvinorin A is a kappa opioid agonist and the principal psychoactive constituent of the plant Salvia divinorum, which has increased in popularity as a recreational drug over the past decade. Few human studies have examined salvinorin A. Objective—This double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluated the dose-related effects of inhaled salvinorin A in individuals with histories of hallucinogen use. Methods—Eight healthy hallucinogen-using adults inhaled up to 16 doses of salvinorin A (0.375 - 21 μg/kg) in ascending order. Physiological, behavioral, [...]
Lire la suiteSalvinorin A : Pharmacology, therapeutic potential and structural considerations of a unique non-nitrogenous selective k-opioid receptor agonist, and active component of the sage Salvia divinorum. Adriano Ciaffoni Graduate School of Life Sciences, Utrecht University July 2014, Utrecht, The Netherlands Summary Salvia divinorum is a plant indigenous of Oaxaca, Mexico. Traditionally, the plant is used for healing and divinatory purposes. At present, S. divinorum is also used recreationally by teenagers and young adults around the world. The main active component is salvinorin A, a unique non-nitrogenous kappa-opioid receptor agonist with hallucinogenic properties. Scientific interest is high, due to two facts: 1) salvinorin A was the first [...]
Lire la suiteSalvinorin A, a kappa-opioid receptor agonist hallucinogen : pharmacology and potential template for novel pharmacotherapeutic agents in neuropsychiatric disorders Eduardo R. Butelman and Mary Jeanne Kreek Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2015 doi: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00190 Salvinorin A is a potent hallucinogen, isolated from the ethnomedical plant Salvia divinorum. Salvinorin A is a selective high efficacy kappa-opioid receptor (KOPr) agonist, and thus implicates the KOPr system and its endogenous agonist ligands (the dynorphins) in higher functions, including cognition and perceptual effects. Salvinorin A is the only selective KOPr ligand to be widely available outside research or medical settings, and salvinorin A-containing products have undergone frequent nonmedical use. KOPr/dynorphin [...]
Lire la suiteHuman psychopharmacology and dose-effects of salvinorin A, a kappa-opioid agonist hallucinogen present in the plant Salvia divinorum Matthew W. Johnson, Katherine A. MacLean, Chad J. Reissig, Thomas E. Prisinzano and Roland R. Griffiths Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 2011, 115, (1-2), 150–155. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.11.005 Abstract Salvinorin A is a potent, selective nonnitrogenous kappa opioid agonist and the known psychoactive constituent of Salvia divinorum, a member of the mint family that has been used for centuries by Mazatec shamans of Mexico for divination and spiritual healing. Salvia divinorum has over the last several years gained increased popularity as a recreational drug. This is a double-blind, placebo controlled [...]
Lire la suiteAcute and post-acute behavioral and psychological effects of salvinorin A in humans Peter H. Addy Psychopharmacology, 2012, 220, 195–204 DOI 10.1007/s00213-011-2470-6 Abstract Rationale : Salvia divinorum has been used for centuries, and nontraditional use in modern societies is increasing. Inebriation and aftereffects of use are poorly documented in the scientific literature. Objectives : This double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study analyzed subjective experiences of salvinorin A (SA) inebriation and consequences of use after 8 weeks. Methods : Thirty middle-aged, well-educated, hallucinogenexperienced participants smoked either 1,017 or 100μg SA 2 weeks apart in counterbalanced order. Vital signs were recorded before and after inhalation. A researcher rated participants' behavior during sessions. [...]
Lire la suiteLegally high ? Legal considerations of Salvia divinorum O. Hayden GRIFFIN III, Bryan Lee MILLER, David N. KHEYS Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 2008, 40, (2), 183-190 In the past few years, there has been an apparent increase in the recreational use of Salvia divinorum. Its origins lie in the Mazatecan culture where its ceremonial use had historic ties to the traditional mystic religion and medicine practiced by its people. This psychoactive plant is native to the forest ravines of Oaxaca, Mexico--the area inhabited by the Mazatecs. It is a relative in the mint family, a family of plants that includes several psychoactive species. [...]
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