Disruptive Psychopharmacology Boris D. Heifets, MD, PhD1; Robert C. Malenka, MD, PhD2 JAMA Psychiatry. Published online June 26, 2019. doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.1145 The paucity of medications with novel mechanisms for the treatment of mental illnesses combined with the delayed response to currently available medications has led to great excitement about the potential therapeutic utility of previously demonized drugs, which offer the hope of generating rapid symptom reductions in some of the sickest patients. Within the past 2 years, the US Food and Drug Administration approved esketamine for treatment-resistant depression and 2 compounds that are still on the US Drug Enforcement Administration’s most restrictive schedule, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and psilocybin, [...]
Lire la suiteDiscriminative Stimulus Effects of Psychostimulants and Hallucinogens in S()-3,4-Methylene-dioxy-meth amphetamine (MDMA) and R()-MDMA Trained Mice K. S. Murnane, N. Murai, L. L. Howell, and W. E. Fantegrossi THE JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS, 2009, Vol. 331, No. 2 Copyright © 2009 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 156174/3525473 JPET 331:717–723, 2009 Preliminary findings from these experiments were previously presented as follows : Murnane K.S., 2008 Expérimentalement Biology Meeting; San Diego, CA. doi:10.1124/jpet.109.156174. ABSTRACT 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is a substituted phenethylamine more commonly known as the drug of abuse “ecstasy.” The acute and persistent neurochemical effects of MDMA in the mice are distinct from those in [...]
Lire la suiteDeconstructing Ecstasy : The Politics Of MDMA Research Charles S. Grob Addiction Research, 2000, 8, 6, 549-588 http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/16066350008998989 What is Ecstasy? Defined by the New Webster’s Dictionary as a state of intense overpowering emotion, a condition of exultation or mental rapture induced by beauty, music, artistic creation or the contemplation of the divine, ecstasy derives etymologically from the ancient Greek ekstasis, which means flight of the soul from the body. The anthropologist, Mircea Eliade, who explored the roots of religious experience in his book Shamanism: Archaic Techniques of Ecstasy, has described the function of this intense state of mind among aboriginal peoples. Select individuals [...]
Lire la suiteIntroduction to Recent Advances in Cannabinoid Research Robert B. Laprairie and Will Costain © 2016 The Author(s). Licensee InTechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons; Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), Abstract On October 17, 2018, Canada became the first G20 nation to legalize the use of Cannabis sativa for both medicinal and recreational purposes. This change in legislation and end of prohibition are indicative of a larger global movement to understand Cannabis—and the bioactive chemicals present within Cannabis known as the cannabinoids—for its potential biomedical uses, harms, and economic values. Currently, interest in Cannabis and cannabinoid research is surging as the many [...]
Lire la suiteSerotonergic psychedelics and personality: a systematic review of contemporary research José Carlos Bouso, Rafael G. dos Santos, Miguel Ángel Alcázar-Córcoles, Jaime E. C. Hallak Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 2018 PII: S0149-7634(17)30301-9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.02.004 Highlights Serotonergic psychedelics act as agonists at cortical 5-HT2A receptors 5-HT2A receptors are expressed in fronto-temporo-parieto-occipital areas Some personality traits seem to be related to 5-HT2A receptor expression Acute and long-term use of psychedelics is associated with personality changes Personality changes induced by psychedelics may have therapeutic effects Abstract Serotonergic psychedelics act as agonists at cortical 5-HT2A receptors and seem to induce personality changes. We conducted a systematic review of studies assessing the effects [...]
Lire la suiteLong-term effects of ayahuasca in patients with recurrent depression : a 5-year qualitative follow-up Rafael G. dos Santos, Rafael Faria Sanches, Flávia de Lima Osório, Jaime E.C. Hallak Archive of Clinical Psychiatry, 2018, 45, 1, 22-4 DOI: 10.1590/0101-60830000000149 Abstract Background : Ayahuasca is a botanical hallucinogenic preparation traditionally used by indigenous populations of Northwestern Amazonian countries for ritual and therapeutic purposes. It is rich in β-carboline alkaloids and N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT). Preclinical, observational, and experimental studies suggest that ayahuasca and its alkaloids have anxiolytic and antidepressive effects. We recently reported in an open-label trial that ayahuasca administration was associated with significant decreases in depression symptoms for [...]
Lire la suiteMay 10, 2019 Study will test pot’s effects on infants’ brain development Researchers seek to isolate cannabis from concurrent use of alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drugs. Media Contact: Brian Donohue - 206.543.7856, bdonohue@uw.edu Kleinhans Lab MRI scans of infants’ brains are part of the evaluation to discern effects of prenatal marijuana exposure. UW Medicine researchers are recruiting pregnant women to study whether prenatal marijuana use – in the absence of alcohol, tobacco, and any illicit drug consumption – affects their infants’ brain development, cognitive and motor development, medical health, and social behavior. The “Moms + Marijuana” study is co-led by Drs. Natalia Kleinhans and Stephen Dager, radiologists at [...]
Lire la suiteCessation and reduction in alcohol consumption and misuse after psychedelic use Albert Garcia-Romeu, Alan K Davis, Fire Erowid, Earth Erowid, Roland R Griffiths and Matthew W Johnson Journal of Psychopharmacology, 2019, 1–14 DOI: 10.1177/0269881119845793 journals.sagepub.com/home/jop Abstract Background : Meta-analysis of randomized studies using lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) for alcohol use disorder (AUD) showed large, significant effects for LSD efficacy compared to control conditions. Clinical studies suggest potential anti-addiction effects of LSD and mechanistically-related classic psychedelics for alcohol and other substance use disorders. Aims : To supplement clinical studies, reports of psychedelic use in naturalistic settings can provide further data regarding potential effects of psychedelics on alcohol use. Methods [...]
Lire la suiteNeuropathology of Drug Addictions and Substance Misuse Volume 2: Stimulants, Club and Dissociative Drugs, Hallucinogens, Steroids, Inhalants and International Aspects 2016, Pages 773-781 Chapter 72 - Use of LSD by Mental Health Professionals Petr Winkler, Ingmar Gorman, Rita Kočárová Doi : 10.1016/B978-0-12-800212-4.00072-8 Abstract This chapter focuses on self-experimentation with hallucinogens within the mental health sciences. Emphasis is given to the use of LSD by mental health professionals in the former Czechoslovakia. The text is based on four main data sources: (1) interviews with mental health professionals who experimented with LSD on themselves in the former Czechoslovakia; (2) scientific articles that were published in the time LSD research [...]
Lire la suiteFluorinated Cannabidiol Derivatives : Enhancement of Activity in Mice Models Predictive of Anxiolytic, Antidepressant and Antipsychotic Effects Aviva Breuer, Christeene G. Haj, Manoela V. Fogaça, Felipe V. Gomes, Nicole, Rodrigues Silva, João Francisco Pedrazzi, Elaine A. Del Bel, Jaime C. Hallak, José, A. Crippa, Antonio W. Zuardi, Raphael Mechoulam, Francisco S. Guimarães PLOS ONE, Research Article, 2016 | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0158779 July 14, 2016 Abstract Cannabidiol (CBD) is a major Cannabis sativa constituent, which does not cause the typical marijuana psychoactivity. However, it has been shown to be active in a numerous pharmacological assays, including mice tests for anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression and schizophrenia. In human trials [...]
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