Legal highs : staying on top of the flood of novel psychoactive substances David Baumeister, Luis M. Tojo and Derek K. Tracy Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology, 2015, Vol. 5, (2), 97–132 DOI: 10.1177/2045125314559539 Abstract : There has been growing clinical, public, and media awareness and concern about the availability and potential harmfulness of so-called ‘legal highs’, which are more appropriately called new or novel psychoactive substances (NPS). A cat-and-mouse process has emerged wherein unknown chemists and laboratories are producing new, and as yet nonproscribed, compounds for human consumption; and as soon as they are banned, which they inevitably are, slightly modified analogues are produced to [...]
Lire la suiteThe Relevance of Sex in the Association of Synthetic Cannabinoid Use With Psychosis and Agitation in an Inpatient Population Anahita Bassir Nia, MD‡; Claire L. Mann, BA; Sharron Spriggs, MA; Daniel R. DeFrancisco, MD; Steven Carbonaro, MD; Lyla Parvez, MA; Igor I. Galynker, MD, PhD; Charles A. Perkel, MD; and Yasmin L. Hurd, PhD Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 2019, 80, (4), 18m12539 https://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.18m12539 Background : Current evidence suggests that women are more sensitive to the effects of cannabinoids. The aim of this study was to investigate the relevance of sex in the association of synthetic cannabinoid (SC) use with psychosis and agitation. Methods : A [...]
Lire la suiteThe “Endless Trip” among the NPS Users : Psychopathology and Psychopharmacology in the Hallucinogen-Persisting Perception Disorder. A Systematic Review Laura Orsolini, Gabriele Duccio Papanti, Domenico De Berardis, Amira Guirguis, John Martin Corkery and Fabrizio Schifano Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2017, Vol. 8, article 240 doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00240 Hallucinogen-persisting perception disorder (HPPD) is a syndrome characterized by prolonged or reoccurring perceptual symptoms, reminiscent of acute hallucinogen effects. HPPD was associated with a broader range of LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide)-like substances, cannabis, methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA), psilocybin, mescaline, and psychostimulants. The recent emergence of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) posed a critical concern regarding the new onset of psychiatric symptoms/syndromes, including cases [...]
Lire la suiteToujours plus avec la chimie psychédélique par Thibault Henneton Manière de Voir (Le Monde Diplomatique), 2019, 163, Fruits d’une inventivité chimique sans limites, les nouveaux produits de synthèse (NPS) se sont multipliés ces dix dernières années, notamment dans les milieux festifs alternatifs. Moins chers que la cocaïne, ils restent difficiles à cerner tant pour les autorités que pour les usagers, incapables d’en connaître à l’avance les effets véritables, dont certains mènent aux hôpitaux, désarmés pour les traiter. Akatre ///// « Djeff », 2018 Placés récemment sous les projecteurs, les nouveaux produits de synthèse (NPS) inonderaient le marché des stupéfiants. Dans son dernier rapport annuel, l’Observatoire français des [...]
Lire la suiteUse of new and uncommon synthetic psychoactive drugs among a nationally representative sample in the United States, 2005–2017 Joseph J. Palamar & Austin Le Human Psychopharmacology Clinical and Experimental, 2019, e2690 DOI: 10.1002/hup.2690 Abstract Objectives : This study aims to examine patterns and first mentions of reported use of new or uncommon drugs across 13 years, among nationally representative samples in the United States. Methods : Participants (ages ≥12) in the National Surveys on Drug Use and Health (2005–2017, N = 730,418) were provided opportunities to type in names of new or uncommon drugs they had ever used that were not specifically queried. We examined self‐reported [...]
Lire la suitePrevalence and epidemiological associates of novel psychedelic use in the United States adult population James D. Sexton, Michael S. Crawford, Noah W. Sweat, Allyson Varley , Emma E. Green and Peter S. Hendricks Journal of Psychopharmacology, 1-10 DOI : 10.1177/0269881119827796 journals.sagepub.com/home/jopract Abstract Background : Novel psychedelics approximate classic psychedelics, but unlike classic psychedelics, novel psychedelics have been used by humans for a shorter period of time, with fewer data available on these substances. Aims : The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of novel psychedelic use and the associations of novel psychedelic use with mental health outcomes. Methods : We estimated the prevalence of self-reported, [...]
Lire la suiteComparison of the behavioral effects of mescaline analogs using the head twitch response in mice Adam L. Halberstadt, Muhammad Chatha, Stephen J. Chapman and Simon D. Brandt Journal of Psychopharmacology, 2019, 1 –9 DOI: 10.1177/0269881119826610 journals.sagepub.com/home/jop Abstract Background : In recent years, there has been increasing scientific interest in the effects and pharmacology of serotonergic hallucinogens. While a large amount of experimental work has been conducted to characterize the behavioral response to hallucinogens in rodents, there has been little systematic investigation of mescaline and its analogs. The hallucinogenic potency of mescaline is increased by α-methylation and by homologation of the 4-methoxy group but it not clear [...]
Lire la suiteCannabis Use Disorder During the Perinatal Period Martha L. Velez, Chloe J. Jordan, and Lauren M. Jansson Chapter 17, in : I. D. Montoya, S. R. B. Weiss (eds.), Cannabis Use Disorders, 2019, © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 177 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90365-1_17 Introduction Cannabis use in the perinatal period has been increasing in recent years, coincident with increasing legalization in the USA for medical or recreational purposes [1]. Marijuana is the most commonly used illicit drug during pregnancy [2], and among some populations, it is used more frequently than tobacco [3, 4]. Although the prevalence of cannabis use during pregnancy is difficult to ascertain with accuracy, [...]
Lire la suiteSynthetic Cannabinoids and Synthetic Cannabinoid-Induced Psychotic Disorders (Chapitre 9) Papanti Duccio*,†, Schifano Fabrizio†, Orsolini Laura†,‡ *Drug Addiction Centre, Latisana, Italy †University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom ‡Polyedra Research Group, Teramo, Italy The Complex Connection Between Cannabis and Schizophrenia. (Chapitre 9) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-804791-0.00009-4 © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. INTRODUCTION Both phytocannabinoids, the psychoactive compounds naturally present in the cannabis plant, and synthetic cannabinoids (SCs; also known as synthetic cannabimimetics) exert their effects through alteration of the endocannabinoid system (Szabo, 2014). There are at least 104 different phytocannabinoids in cannabis, and their combination contributes to the psychoactive effects of cannabis (ElSohly & Gul, 2014). In 1967, the United States [...]
Lire la suiteMedicinal Use of Synthetic Cannabinoids—a Mini Review P. Muralidhar Reddy, Nancy Maurya & Bharath Kumar Velmurugan Current Pharmacology Reports, 2019 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40495-018-0165-y Abstract Purpose of Review : This review gives an overview of the medicinal uses of synthetic cannabinoids and other related aspects on the basis of recent as well as earlier studies that the authors considered relevant to the context and scope of the review. Recent Findings Synthetic cannabinoids are laboratory synthesized products eliciting effects way more than their natural counterparts. These compounds are more potent in generating intoxicating effects and are also difficult to be detected in conventional screening tests. Their clinical side effects are also more pronounced than [...]
Lire la suite