Recent Advances in the Neuropsychopharmacology of Serotonergic Hallucinogens Adam L. Halberstadt Behavioral Brain Research, 2015, 15, 277, 99–120. doi : 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.07.016 Abstract Serotonergic hallucinogens, such as (+)-lysergic acid diethylamide, psilocybin, and mescaline, are somewhat enigmatic substances. Although these drugs are derived from multiple chemical families, they all produce remarkably similar effects in animals and humans, and they show cross-tolerance. This article reviews the evidence demonstrating the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor is the primary site of hallucinogen action. The 5-HT2A receptor is responsible for mediating the effects of hallucinogens in human subjects, as well as in animal behavioral paradigms such as drug discrimination, head twitch response, prepulse [...]
Lire la suiteWhat Can We Learn About Schizophrenia From Studying the Human Model, Drug-Induced Psychosis ? Robin M. Murray, Alessandra Paparelli, Paul D. Morrison, Arianna Marconi, and Marta Di Forti American Journal of Medical Genetics, Part B, 2013, 162B, 661–670. Doi : 10.1002/ajmg.b.32177 When drug-induced psychoses were first identified in the mid- 20th century, schizophrenia was considered a discrete disease with a likely genetic cause. Consequently, drug-induced psychoses were not considered central to understanding schizophrenia as they were thought to be phenocopies rather than examples of the illness secondary to a particular known cause. However, now that we know that schizophrenia is a clinical syndrome with [...]
Lire la suiteCannabinoids : Extraction Methods, Analysis and Physicochemical Characterization Cristina Lujan RAMIREZ, Maria Alejandra FANOVICH, Maria Sandra CHURIO. Studies in Natural Products Chemistry, Chapter 4, 2019, Volume 61, 143-173 (1-44). Doi : 10.1016/B978-0-444-64183-0.00004-X ABSTRACT : A new paradigm has been established in the application of cannabinoids in the last decade. The growing accessibility to different types of Cannabis products and the rise in concern about their health benefits have provoked a rapid expansion of the research interests in phytocannabinoids with promising pharmacological properties. The characterization of the diverse chemotypes of Cannabis sativa, the elucidation of their various structures, and quantification of cannabinoids in the complex [...]
Lire la suiteBeneficial Effects of Cannabis on Blood Brain Barrier Function in HIV Ronald J Ellis 1 , Scott Peterson 2 , Mariana Cherner 1 , Erin Morgan 1 , Rachel Schrier 1 , Bin Tang 1 , Martin Hoenigl 1 , Scott Letendre 1 , Jenny Iudicello 1 Clinical infectious diseases, 2020 Apr 16, ciaa437. Doi : 10.1093/cid/ciaa437 Abstract Background: HIV infection leads to blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction that does not resolve despite viral suppression on antiretroviral therapy and is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. In preclinical models, cannabis restores BBB integrity. Methods: We studied people with HIV (PWH) and HIV- individuals who had used cannabis [...]
Lire la suiteAstrocytes in rapid ketamine antidepressant action Matjaž Stenovec, Baoman Li, Alexei Verkhratsky, Robert Zorec Neuropharmacology, 2020, 173, 108158 Doi : 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108158 H I G H L I G H T S • Ketamine inhibits calcium signalling and enhances cAMP production in astroglia. • Ketamine suppresses exocytosis of gliosignalling molecules and Kir4.1. • Ketamine elevates cholesterol content in the plasmalemma specifically in astrocytes. A B S T R A C T Ketamine, a general anaesthetic and psychotomimetic drug, exerts rapid, potent and long-lasting antidepressant effect, albeit the cellular and molecular mechanisms of this action are yet to be discovered. Besides targeting neuronal NMDARs fundamental for synaptic transmission, ketamine affects the [...]
Lire la suiteBIBLIOGRAPHIE : Substances psychédéliques : Généralités, Épistémologie, Pharmacologie, Neurophysiologie, Psychologie, … Dr Christian SUEUR, GRECC, mai 2020 (nouvelle version) Substances psychédéliques : Généralités, Pharmacologie, Neurophysiologie : 1 - 17 Substances psychédéliques et «psychologie » : 18 - 20 Cf également : Bibliographie : Thérapies psychédéliques, Bibliographie : Substances psychédéliques, culture, chamanisme, spiritualité, religion… Bibliographie : Psilocybine, Bibliographie : LSD, Bibliographie : Ayahuasca, Bibliographie : Mescaline et Peyotl, Bibliographie : MDMA, Bibliographie : Tryptamines …
Lire la suiteBIBLIOGRAPHIE : LSD Docteur Christian Sueur, GRECC, mai 2020 (nouvelle version). 1 – LSD : Généralités : 1 - 4 2 – LSD : Effets psychologiques : 5 - 6 3 – LSD : Pharmacologie, Neurophysiologie : 7 – 12 4 – LSD et culture alternative : 13 5 – LSD et thérapies psychédéliques : 14 - 18
Lire la suiteTerpenoids From Cannabis Do Not Mediate an Entourage Effect by Acting at Cannabinoid Receptors David B. Finlay, Kathleen J. Sircombe, Mhairi Nimick, Callum Jones and Michelle Glass Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2020, Volume 11, Article 359, 1-9. doi : 10.3389/fphar.2020.00359 The entourage effect was a proposed explanation for biological observations that endocannabinoid ligand activities can be modified by other lipids released from cells at the same time. An increasing volume of anecdotal reports and interest in the plant have provoked research into the activity of minor chemical constituents of the plant—including volatile terpenoids such as myrcene, a- and b- pinene, b-caryophyllene, and limonene. However, to [...]
Lire la suiteShort-term effects of cannabis consumption on cognitive performance in medical cannabis patients Phillip Olla, Nicholas Rykulski, Jessica L. Hurtubise, Stephen Bartol, Rachel Foote, Laura Cutler, Kaitlyn Abeare, Nora McVinnie, Alana G. Sabelli, Maurissa Hastings, and Laszlo A. Erdodi Applied Neuropsychology : Adult, 2019, 1-11. Doi : 10.1080/23279095.2019.1681424 ABSTRACT This observational study examined the acute cognitive effects of cannabis. We hypothesized that cognitive performance would be negatively affected by acute cannabis intoxication. Twenty-two medical cannabis patients from Southwestern Ontario completed the study. The majority (n¼13) were male. Mean age was 36.0 years, and mean level of education was 13.7 years. Participants were administered the same brief neurocognitive battery three times during [...]
Lire la suiteBIBLIOGRAPHIE : Système endocannabinoïdes et récepteurs aux cannabinoïdes Dr Christian Sueur, GRECC, avril 2020. 1 - Système endocannabinoïde : 1 - 7 2 - Récepteurs des cannabinoïdes : 8 - 13 3 - THC et récepteurs non-cannabinoïdes : 14 4 - CBD et récepteurs non cannabinoïdes : 15 5 - Neurophysiologie des endocannabinoïdes : 16 - 19 6 - Neuropharmacologie des cannabinoïdes de synthèse : 20 - 21 7 - Neuropharmacologie des Phytocannabinoïdes : 22 - 29
Lire la suite