Towards mapping neuro-behavioral heterogeneity of psychedelic neurobiology in humans Flora Moujaes, Katrin H. Preller, Jie Lisa Ji, John D. Murray, Lucie Berkovitch, Franz X. Vollenweider, Alan Anticevic Biological Psychiatry, 2023 doi : 10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.10.021 ABSTRACT Precision psychiatry aims to identify markers of inter-individual variability that allow predicting the right treatment for each patient. However, bridging the gap between molecular-level manipulations and neural systems-level functional alterations remains an unsolved problem in psychiatry. After decades of low success rates in pharmaceutical R&D for psychiatric drugs, multiple studies now point to the potential of psychedelics as a promising fast-acting and long-lasting treatment for some psychiatric symptoms. Yet, given the highly [...]
Lire la suiteBibliographie MDMA - Ecstasy Docteur Christian Sueur, GRECC, mars 2023 MDMA : généralités, sociologie…, pp 1 - 3. MDMA : pharmacologie, pp 4 - 9. MDMA : neurophysiologie, pp 10 - 15. MDMA : toxicologie, pp 16 - 22. MDMA : analyses pharmacologiques, « réduction des risques », pp 23 - 24. MDMA : psychopathologie, pp 25 - 26. MDMA : enthéogénie, p 27. MDMA : thérapeutique, pp 28 - 34.
Lire la suiteThe neurobiology of psychedelic drugs : implications for the treatment of mood disorders Franz X. Vollenweider and Michael Kometer Perspectives, www.nature.com, 2010, 11, 642-651. Abstract After a pause of nearly 40 years in research into the effects of psychedelic drugs, recent advances in our understanding of the neurobiology of psychedelics, such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), psilocybin and ketamine have led to renewed interest in the clinical potential of psychedelics in the treatment of various psychiatric disorders. Recent behavioural and neuroimaging data show that psychedelics modulate neural circuits that have been implicated in mood and affective disorders, and can reduce the clinical symptoms of [...]
Lire la suiteBridging the Gap ? Altered Thalamocortical Connectivity in Psychotic and Psychedelic States Mihai Avram, Helena Rogg, Alexandra Korda, Christina Andreou, Felix Müller and Stefan Borgwardt Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2021, Volume 12, Article 706017, 1-13. Doi : 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.706017 Psychiatry has a well-established tradition of comparing drug-induced experiences to psychotic symptoms, based on shared phenomena such as altered perceptions. The present review focuses on experiences induced by classic psychedelics, which are substances capable of eliciting powerful psychoactive effects, characterized by distortions/alterations of several neurocognitive processes (e.g., hallucinations). Herein we refer to such experiences as psychedelic states. Psychosis is a clinical syndrome defined by impaired reality testing, [...]
Lire la suiteNew psychoactive substances: a review and updates Abu Shafi, Alex J. Berry, Harry Sumnall, David M. Wood and Derek K. Tracy Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology, 2020, Vol. 10, 1–21. Doi : 10.1177/2045125320967197 Abstract : New psychoactive substances (NPS) are a heterogeneous group of substances. They are associated with a number of health and social harms on an individual and societal level. NPS toxicity and dependence syndromes are recognised in primary care, emergency departments, psychiatric inpatient and community care settings. One pragmatic classification system is to divide NPS into one of four groups: synthetic stimulants, synthetic cannabinoids, synthetic hallucinogens and synthetic depressants (which include synthetic opioids [...]
Lire la suiteThe Impact of Cannabidiol on Human Brain Function : A Systematic Review, Albert Batalla et al., 2021
The Impact of Cannabidiol on Human Brain Function : A Systematic Review Albert Batalla, Julian Bos, Amber Postma and Matthijs G. Bossong Frontiers in Pharmacology, January 2021 | Volume 11 | Article 618184, 1-15. doi : 10.3389/fphar.2020.618184 Background : Accumulating evidence suggests that the non-intoxicating cannabinoid compound cannabidiol (CBD) may have antipsychotic and anxiolytic properties, and thus may be a promising new agent in the treatment of psychotic and anxiety disorders. However, the neurobiological substrates underlying the potential therapeutic effects of CBD are still unclear. The aim of this systematic review is to provide a detailed and up-todate systematic literature overview of neuroimaging studies [...]
Lire la suiteIntegrating Endocannabinoid Signaling and Cannabinoids into the Biology and Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Matthew N. Hill, Patrizia Campolongo, Rachel Yehuda and Sachin Pate Neuropsychopharmacology REVIEWS, 2018, 43, 80–102. doi : 10.1038/npp.2017.162 Exposure to stress is an undeniable, but in most cases surmountable, part of life. However, in certain individuals, exposure to severe or cumulative stressors can lead to an array of pathological conditions including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), characterized by debilitating trauma-related intrusive thoughts, avoidance behaviors, hyperarousal, as well as depressed mood and anxiety. In the context of the rapidly changing political and legal landscape surrounding use of cannabis products in the USA, [...]
Lire la suiteCannabinoid Addiction: Behavioral Models and Neural Correlates Rafael Maldonado and Fernando Rodriguez de Fonseca The Journal of Neuroscience, 2002, 22, (9), 3326–3331. Abstract The use of cannabis sativa preparations as recreational drugs can be traced back to the earliest civilizations. However, animal models of cannabinoid addiction allowing the exploration of neural correlates of cannabinoid abuse have been developed only recently. We review these models and the role of the CB1 cannabinoid receptor, the main target of natural cannabinoids, and its interaction with opioid and dopamine transmission in reward circuits. Extensive reviews on the molecular basis of cannabinoid action are available elsewhere (Piomelli et al., [...]
Lire la suiteCannabinoid modulation of drug reward and the implications of marijuana legalization Dan P. Covey, Jennifer M. Wenzel, and Joseph F. Cheer Brain Research, 2015 1628, 233–243. doi : 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.11.034. Abstract Marijuana is the most popular illegal drug worldwide. Recent trends indicate that this may soon change; not due to decreased marijuana use, but to an amendment in marijuana’s illegal status. The cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptor mediates marijuana’s psychoactive and reinforcing properties. CB1 receptors are also part of the brain endocannabinoid (eCB) system and support numerous forms of learning and memory, including the conditioned reinforcing properties of cues predicting reward or punishment. This is accomplished [...]
Lire la suiteMolecular and Functional Imaging Studies of Psychedelic Drug Action in Animals and Humans Paul Cumming, Milan Scheidegger, Dario Dornbierer, Mikael Palner, Boris B. Quednow and Chantal Martin-Soelch Molecules, 2021, 26, 2451 doi : 10.3390/molecules26092451 Abstract : Hallucinogens are a loosely defined group of compounds including LSD, N,Ndimethyltryptamines, mescaline, psilocybin/psilocin, and 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methamphetamine (DOM), which can evoke intense visual and emotional experiences. We are witnessing a renaissance of research interest in hallucinogens, driven by increasing awareness of their psychotherapeutic potential. As such, we now present a narrative review of the literature on hallucinogen binding in vitro and ex vivo, and the various molecular imaging studies with positron [...]
Lire la suite