Absence of Entourage : Terpenoids Commonly Found in Cannabis sativa Do Not Modulate the Functional Activity of Δ9-THC at Human CB1 and CB2 Receptors Marina Santiago, Shivani C. Arnold, Iain S., McGregor and Mark Connor Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, 2019, Vol. 4, No. 3 doi : 10.1089/can.2019.0016 Abstract Introduction: Compounds present in Cannabis sativa such as phytocannabinoids and terpenoids may act in concert to elicit therapeutic effects. Cannabinoids such as Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) directly activate cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) and cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2); however, it is not known if terpenoids present in Cannabis also affect cannabinoid receptor signaling. Therefore, we examined six common terpenoids alone, [...]
Lire la suiteThe Therapeutic Effectiveness of Full Spectrum Hemp Oil Using a Chronic Neuropathic Pain Model Jacob M. Vigil, Marena A. Montera, Nathan S. Pentkowski, Jegason P. Diviant, Joaquin Orozco, Anthony L. Ortiz, Lawrence J. Rael and Karin N. Westlund Life, 2020, 10, 69, 1-12 doi : 10.3390/life10050069 Abstract : Background : Few models exist that can control for placebo and expectancy effects commonly observed in clinical trials measuring ‘Cannabis’ pharmacodynamics. We used the Foramen Rotundum Inflammatory Constriction Trigeminal Infraorbital Nerve injury (FRICT-ION) model to measure the effect of “full-spectrum” whole plant extracted hemp oil on chronic neuropathic pain sensitivity in mice. Methods : Male BALBc mice were [...]
Lire la suiteEffet d’entourage contre douleur neuropathique Publié le 22 Mai 2020 https://www.principesactifs.org/effet-dentourage-contre-douleur-neuropathique/ Cette huile de cannabidiol est efficace contre la douleur neuropathique chronique, conclut cette étude pré-clinique de l’University of New Mexico (UNM). L’étude présentée dans la revue Life suggère que l’huile permet de diviser par 10 la sensibilité à la douleur mécanique et pendant plusieurs heures. Ici chez la souris modèle de douleur neuropathique postopératoire chronique. Ces données présentées dans la revue Life illustrent ce que les experts nomment l’effet d’entourage ou l’action synergique de différents composés du cannabis qui apporte cet effet thérapeutique. Dans cette expérience, il s’agit d’une huile de cannabis contenant [...]
Lire la suiteTerpenoids From Cannabis Do Not Mediate an Entourage Effect by Acting at Cannabinoid Receptors David B. Finlay, Kathleen J. Sircombe, Mhairi Nimick, Callum Jones and Michelle Glass Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2020, Volume 11, Article 359, 1-9. doi : 10.3389/fphar.2020.00359 The entourage effect was a proposed explanation for biological observations that endocannabinoid ligand activities can be modified by other lipids released from cells at the same time. An increasing volume of anecdotal reports and interest in the plant have provoked research into the activity of minor chemical constituents of the plant—including volatile terpenoids such as myrcene, a- and b- pinene, b-caryophyllene, and limonene. However, to [...]
Lire la suiteBibliographie : Interactions et antagonisme THC - CBD Docteur Christian SUEUR, GRECC, mars 2020. Les interactions entre le THC et le CBD sur le système endocannabinoide, quant aux effets psychotomimetic (production de "symptomes psychotiques") sont opposés : là où le THC produit préférentiellement de l'anxiété, et des effets "psychotisants", le CBD est plutôt anxiolytique et "antipsychotique". Ces deux phytocannabinoïdes sont "antagonistes", et contribuent, parmi d'autres inter-relations entre les phytocannabinoïdes, les terpènes et les flavonoïdes composant le cannabis, aux "effets d'entourage" fondamentaux, tout autant quant à la production "d'effets indésirables" et de risques pour la santé mentale du consommateur, que dans le cadre de [...]
Lire la suiteA tale of two cannabinoids : The therapeutic rationale for combining tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol Ethan Russo & Geoffrey W. Guy Medical Hypotheses, 2006, 66, 234–246 doi : 10.1016/j.mehy.2005.08.026 Summary This study examines the current knowledge of physiological and clinical effects of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) and presents a rationale for their combination in pharmaceutical preparations. Cannabinoid and vanilloid receptor effects as well as non-receptor mechanisms are explored, such as the capability of THC and CBD to act as anti-inflammatory substances independent of cyclo-oxygenase (COX) inhibition. CBD is demonstrated to antagonise some undesirable effects of THC including intoxication, sedation and tachycardia, while contributing analgesic, anti-emetic, [...]
Lire la suiteClinicians’ Guide to Cannabidiol and Hemp Oils Harrison J. VanDolah, Brent A. Bauer, and Karen F. Mauck Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 2019, 94, (9), 1840-1851 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2019.01.003 Abstract Cannabidiol (CBD) oils are low tetrahydrocannabinol products derived from Cannabis sativa that have become very popular over the past few years. Patients report relief for a variety of conditions, particularly pain, without the intoxicating adverse effects of medical marijuana. In June 2018, the first CBD-based drug, Epidiolex, was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for treatment of rare, severe epilepsy, further putting the spotlight on CBD and hemp oils. There is a growing body of preclinical and [...]
Lire la suiteCannabis - from cultivar to chemovar A. Hazekamp and J. T. Fischedick Drug Testing and Analysis, 2012, (wileyonlinelibrary.com) DOI 10.1002/dta.407, Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Abstract : The medicinal use of Cannabis is increasing as countries worldwide are setting up official programs to provide patients with access to safe sources of medicinal-grade Cannabis. An important question that remains to be answered is which of the many varieties of Cannabis should be made available for medicinal use. Drug varieties of Cannabis are commonly distinguished through the use of popular names, with a major distinction being made between Indica and Sativa types. Although more than [...]
Lire la suiteThe Case for the Entourage Effect and Conventional Breeding of Clinical Cannabis : no "Strain", no Gain Ethan B. Russo, Frontiers in Plant Science, 2019, Volume 9, Article 1969, 1-8. doi : 10.3389/fpls.2018.01969 The topic of Cannabis curries controversy in every sphere of influence, whether politics, pharmacology, applied therapeutics or even botanical taxonomy. Debate as to the speciation of Cannabis, or a lack thereof, has swirled for more than 250 years. Because all Cannabis types are eminently capable of cross-breeding to produce fertile progeny, it is unlikely that any clear winner will emerge between the “lumpers” vs. “splitters” in this taxonomical debate. This is [...]
Lire la suiteCannabis and the Anxiety of Fragmentation - A Systems Approach for Finding an Anxiolytic Cannabis Chemotype, B. S. Kamal, F. Kamal, D. E. Lantela, Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2018, 12, article 730. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2018.00730 Abstract : Cannabis sativa is a medicinal herb with a diverse range of chemotypes that can exert both anxiolytic and anxiogenic effects on humans. Medical cannabis patients receiving organically grown cannabis from a single source were surveyed about the effectiveness of cannabis for treating anxiety. Patients rated cannabis as highly effective overall for treating anxiety with an average score of 8.03 on a Likert scale of 0 to 10 (0 = not effective, [...]
Lire la suite