The Case for the Entourage Effect and Conventional Breeding of Clinical Cannabis: No “Strain,” No Gain Ethan B. Russo Frontiers in Plant Science, 2019, Volume 9, Article 1969, 1-8. Doi : 10.3389/fpls.2018.01969 The topic of Cannabis curries controversy in every sphere of influence, whether politics, pharmacology, applied therapeutics or even botanical taxonomy. Debate as to the speciation of Cannabis, or a lack thereof, has swirled for more than 250 years. Because all Cannabis types are eminently capable of cross-breeding to produce fertile progeny, it is unlikely that any clear winner will emerge between the “lumpers” vs. “splitters” in this taxonomical debate. This is compounded [...]
Lire la suiteThe Chemistry and Pharmacology of Synthetic Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists as New Psychoactive Substances : Origins Samuel D. Banister and Mark Connor Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, # Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018 doi : 10.1007/164_2018_143 Contents 1 Introduction 2 Chemical Classification of Synthetic Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists 3 Cannabinoid Type 1 Receptor (CB1) Structure and Function 4 Historical Synthetic Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists 4.1 Classical Cannabinoids and Phytocannabinoid Analogs 4.2 Nonclassical Cannabinoids 4.3 Aminoalkylindoles (AAIs) 5 Synthetic Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists as New Psychoactive Substances 5.1 Molecular Hybridization 5.2 Bioisosteric Fluorination 6 Conclusions References Abstract Synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs) have proliferated as new psychoactive substances (NPS) over the past decade. Relative to other classes of NPS, SCRAs [...]
Lire la suiteIn vitro and in vivo pharmacological activity of minor cannabinoids isolated from Cannabis sativa Ayat Zagzoog, Kawthar A. Mohamed, Hye Ji J. Kim, Eunhyun D. Kim, Connor S. Frank, Tallan Black, Pramodkumar D. Jadhav, Larry A. Holbrook & Robert B. Laprairie Scientific Reports, www.nature.com, 2020, 10, 20405, 1-13. Doi : 10.1038/s41598-020-77175-y The Cannabis sativa plant contains more than 120 cannabinoids. With the exceptions of Δ9-tetrahydro-cannabinol (Δ9-THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), comparatively little is known about the pharmacology of the less-abundant plant-derived (phyto) cannabinoids. The best-studied transducers of cannabinoid-dependent effects are type 1 and type 2 cannabinoid receptors (CB1R, CB2R). Partial agonism of CB1R by Δ9-THC is [...]
Lire la suiteThe Impact of Cannabidiol on Human Brain Function : A Systematic Review, Albert Batalla et al., 2021
The Impact of Cannabidiol on Human Brain Function : A Systematic Review Albert Batalla, Julian Bos, Amber Postma and Matthijs G. Bossong Frontiers in Pharmacology, January 2021 | Volume 11 | Article 618184, 1-15. doi : 10.3389/fphar.2020.618184 Background : Accumulating evidence suggests that the non-intoxicating cannabinoid compound cannabidiol (CBD) may have antipsychotic and anxiolytic properties, and thus may be a promising new agent in the treatment of psychotic and anxiety disorders. However, the neurobiological substrates underlying the potential therapeutic effects of CBD are still unclear. The aim of this systematic review is to provide a detailed and up-todate systematic literature overview of neuroimaging studies [...]
Lire la suiteOral Cannabidiol Use in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder to Treat Related Symptoms and Co-morbidities Dana Barchel, Orit Stolar2, Tal De-Haan, Tomer Ziv-Baran, Naama Saban, Danny Or Fuchs, Gideon Koren and Matitiahu Berkovitch Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2019, volume 9, article 1521, 1-5 Doi : 10.3389/fphar.2018.01521 Objective : Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) commonly exhibit comorbid symptoms such as aggression, hyperactivity and anxiety. Several studies are being conducted worldwide on cannabidiol use in ASD; however, these studies are still ongoing, and data on the effects of its use is very limited. In this study we aimed to report the experience of parents who administer, [...]
Lire la suiteCannabinoid-based Medications for Pain Raymond M. St. Marie, MD; Raphael J. Leo, MA, MD Current Psychiatry, 2021, 20(5), 21-33. Abstract and Introduction Introduction Against the backdrop of an increasing opioid use epidemic and a marked acceleration of prescription opioid–related deaths,[1,2] there has been an impetus to explore the usefulness of alternative and co-analgesic agents to assist patients with chronic pain. Preclinical studies employing animal-based models of human pain syndromes have demonstrated that cannabis and chemicals derived from cannabis extracts may mitigate several pain conditions.[3] Because there are significant comorbidities between psychiatric disorders and chronic pain, psychiatrists are likely to care for patients with chronic pain. As [...]
Lire la suiteCannabinoids, Phenolics, Terpenes and Alkaloids of Cannabis Mohamed M. Radwan, Suman Chandra, Shahbaz Gul and Mahmoud A. ElSohly Molecules, 2021, 26, 2774. Doi : 10.3390/molecules26092774 Abstract : Cannabis sativa is one of the oldest medicinal plants in the world. It was introduced into western medicine during the early 19th century. It contains a complex mixture of secondary metabolites, including cannabinoids and non-cannabinoid-type constituents. More than 500 compounds have been reported from C. sativa, of which 125 cannabinoids have been isolated and/or identified as cannabinoids. Cannabinoids are C21 terpeno phenolic compounds specific to Cannabis. The non-cannabinoid constituents include: non-cannabinoid phenols, flavonoids, terpenes, alkaloids and others. This review discusses [...]
Lire la suiteAbsence of Entourage : Terpenoids Commonly Found in Cannabis sativa Do Not Modulate the Functional Activity of Δ9-THC at Human CB1 and CB2 Receptors Marina Santiago, Shivani C. Arnold, Iain S., McGregor and Mark Connor Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, 2019, Vol. 4, No. 3 doi : 10.1089/can.2019.0016 Abstract Introduction: Compounds present in Cannabis sativa such as phytocannabinoids and terpenoids may act in concert to elicit therapeutic effects. Cannabinoids such as Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) directly activate cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) and cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2); however, it is not known if terpenoids present in Cannabis also affect cannabinoid receptor signaling. Therefore, we examined six common terpenoids alone, [...]
Lire la suiteOral Cannabidiol Does Not Convert to Δ8-THC or Δ9-THC in Humans : A Pharmacokinetic Study in Healthy Subjects José Alexandre S. Crippa, Antonio Waldo Zuardi, Jaime Eduardo Cecílio Hallak, Bruna Miyazawa, Sandra Aparecido Bernardo, Carmem Maria Donaduzzi, Silvane Guzzi, Wagner Alex Jann Favreto, Alline Campos, Maria Eugênia C. Queiroz, Francisco S. Guimarães, Patrícia Moura da Rosa Zimmermann, Letícia Mello Rechia, Volnei Jose Tondo Filho Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, 2020, Vol. 5, No. 1 Doi : 10.1089/can.2019.0024 Abstract Introduction: Recent studies have suggested that cannabidiol (CBD) could interconvert into Delta-8- and Delta-9- tetrahydrocannabinol. Materials and Methods: Thus, we tested the plasma samples of 120 healthy human subjects [...]
Lire la suiteCytotoxic Effects of Cannabinoids on Human HT-29 Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cells : Different Mechanisms of THC, CBD, and CB83 Daniela Cerretani, Giulia Collodel, Antonella Brizzi, Anna Ida Fiaschi, Andrea Menchiari, Elena Moretti, Laura Moltoni, Lucia Micheli International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2020, 21, 5533 Doi : 10.3390/ijms21155533 Abstract In this study, we investigated the effects of exposition to IC50 dose for 24 h of a new synthetic cannabinoid (CB83) and of phytocannabinoids Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) on HT-29 colorectal carcinoma cells. Cell viability and proliferative activity evaluated using the MTT, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and CyQUANT assays showed that cell viability was significantly affected when CB83, THC, and CBD [...]
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