Cannabinoids and Endocannabinoids, and Prospective Modulation of EC Signaling in Neurodegenerative, Cardiovascular and Allied Disorders Dr Vinod Nikhra Preprint, May 2019 Doi : 10.13140/RG.2.2.36649.24165 ABSTRACT CANNABIS USE AND AVAILABILITY: The Cannabis derivatives have been used for recreational and medicinal purposes since ancient times. Because of the additive potential of cannabis products, their sale, possession and use are variously regulated in different countries throughout the world. Still as a psychoactive drug, cannabis continues to find extensive favour among recreational and medical users in the USA and other countries having led to decriminalise cannabis use for recreational and medicinal purposes. ECS: RECEPTORS, LIGANDS AND SIGNALING: The endocannabinoid system comprises [...]
Lire la suiteAre cannabidiol and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabivarin negative modulators of the endocannabinoid system? A systematic review John M McPartland, Marnie Duncan, Vincenzo Di Marzo and Roger G Pertwee British Journal of Pharmacology, 2015, 172, 737-753. Doi : 10.1111/bph.12944 Based upon evidence that the therapeutic properties of Cannabis preparations are not solely dependent upon the presence of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), pharmacological studies have been recently carried out with other plant cannabinoids (phytocannabinoids), particularly cannabidiol (CBD) and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV). Results from some of these studies have fostered the view that CBD and THCV modulate the effects of THC via direct blockade of cannabinoid CB1 receptors, thus behaving like first-generation CB1 [...]
Lire la suiteUse of Medicinal Cannabis and Synthetic Cannabinoids in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) : A Systematic Review Laura Orsolini, Stefania Chiappini, Umberto Volpe, Domenico De Berardis, Roberto Latini, Gabriele Duccio Papanti and John Martin Corkery Medicina, 2019, 55, 525, 1-14 doi : 10.3390/medicina55090525 www.mdpi.com/journal/medicina Abstract : Background and Objectives : Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common psychiatric disorder resulting from a traumatic event, is manifested through hyperarousal, anxiety, depressive symptoms, and sleep disturbances. Despite several therapeutic approaches being available, both pharmacological and psychological, recently a growing interest has developed in using cannabis and synthetic cannabinoids stems from their consideration as more efficient and better tolerated alternatives [...]
Lire la suiteIn vitro and in vivo pharmacological activity of minor cannabinoids isolated from Cannabis sativa Ayat Zagzoog, Kawthar A. Mohamed, Hye Ji J. Kim, Eunhyun D. Kim, Connor S. Frank, Tallan Black, Pramodkumar D. Jadhav, Larry A. Holbrook & Robert B. Laprairie Scientific Reports, www.nature.com, 2020, 10, 20405, 1-13. Doi : 10.1038/s41598-020-77175-y The Cannabis sativa plant contains more than 120 cannabinoids. With the exceptions of Δ9-tetrahydro-cannabinol (Δ9-THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), comparatively little is known about the pharmacology of the less-abundant plant-derived (phyto) cannabinoids. The best-studied transducers of cannabinoid-dependent effects are type 1 and type 2 cannabinoid receptors (CB1R, CB2R). Partial agonism of CB1R by Δ9-THC is [...]
Lire la suiteTerpenoids From Cannabis Do Not Mediate an Entourage Effect by Acting at Cannabinoid Receptors David B. Finlay, Kathleen J. Sircombe, Mhairi Nimick, Callum Jones and Michelle Glass Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2020, Volume 11, Article 359, 1-9. doi : 10.3389/fphar.2020.00359 The entourage effect was a proposed explanation for biological observations that endocannabinoid ligand activities can be modified by other lipids released from cells at the same time. An increasing volume of anecdotal reports and interest in the plant have provoked research into the activity of minor chemical constituents of the plant—including volatile terpenoids such as myrcene, a- and b- pinene, b-caryophyllene, and limonene. However, to [...]
Lire la suiteCannabinoid Addiction: Behavioral Models and Neural Correlates Rafael Maldonado and Fernando Rodriguez de Fonseca The Journal of Neuroscience, 2002, 22, (9), 3326–3331. Abstract The use of cannabis sativa preparations as recreational drugs can be traced back to the earliest civilizations. However, animal models of cannabinoid addiction allowing the exploration of neural correlates of cannabinoid abuse have been developed only recently. We review these models and the role of the CB1 cannabinoid receptor, the main target of natural cannabinoids, and its interaction with opioid and dopamine transmission in reward circuits. Extensive reviews on the molecular basis of cannabinoid action are available elsewhere (Piomelli et al., [...]
Lire la suiteThe (Poly)Pharmacology of Cannabidiol in Neurological and Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Molecular Mechanisms and Targets Rosa Maria Vitale, Fabio Arturo Iannotti and Pietro Amodeo International journal of Molecular Sciences, 2021, 22, 4876, 1-20. Doi : 10.3390/ijms22094876 Abstract : Cannabidiol (CBD), the major nonpsychoactive Cannabis constituent, has been proposed for the treatment of a wide panel of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, including anxiety, schizophrenia, epilepsy and drug addiction due to the ability of its versatile scaffold to interact with diverse molecular targets that are not restricted to the endocannabinoid system. Albeit the molecular mechanisms responsible for the therapeutic effects of CBD have yet to be fully elucidated, many [...]
Lire la suiteCannabis and cannabinoid use in autism spectrum disorder : a systematic review Estácio Amaro da Silva Junior, Wandersonia Moreira Brito Medeiros, Nelson Torro, João Marçal Medeiros de Sousa, Igor Bronzeado Cahino Moura de Almeida, Filipe Barbosa da Costa, Katiúscia Moreira Pontes, Eliane Lima Guerra Nunes, Marine Diniz da Rosa, Katy Lísias Gondim Dias de Albuquerque Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 2021, 1-10. Doi : 10.47626/2237-6089-2020-0149 Abstract Introduction : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction, associated with the presence of restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. Cannabis has been used to alleviate [...]
Lire la suiteAssociation of Cannabis Use During Adolescence With Neurodevelopment Matthew D. Albaugh, PhD; Jonatan Ottino-Gonzalez, PhD; Amanda Sidwell, BS; Claude Lepage, PhD; Anthony Juliano, PsyD; Max M. Owens, PhD; Bader Chaarani, PhD; Philip Spechler, PhD; Nicholas Fontaine, BS; Pierre Rioux, MSc; Lindsay Lewis, PhD; Seun Jeon, PhD; Alan Evans, PhD; Deepak D’Souza, MD; Rajiv Radhakrishnan, MD; Tobias Banaschewski, MD, PhD; Arun L.W. Bokde, PhD; Erin Burke Quinlan, PhD; Patricia Conrod, PhD; Sylvane Desrivières, PhD; Herta Flor, PhD; Antoine Grigis, PhD; Penny Gowland, PhD; Andreas Heinz, MD, PhD; Bernd Ittermann, PhD; Jean-Luc Martinot,MD, PhD; Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot,MD, PhD; Frauke Nees, PhD; Dimitri Papadopoulos [...]
Lire la suiteCannabis and synaptic reprogramming of the developing brain Anissa Bara, Jacqueline- Marie N. Ferland, Gregory Rompala, Henrietta Szutorisz and Yasmin L. Hurd Nature Reviews | Neuroscience, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41583-021-00465-5 Abstract Recent years have been transformational in regard to the perception of the health risks and benefits of cannabis with increased acceptance of use. This has unintended neurodevelopmental implications given the increased use of cannabis and the potent levels of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol today being consumed by pregnant women, young mothers and teens. In this Review, we provide an overview of the neurobiological effects of cannabinoid exposure during prenatal/perinatal and adolescent periods, in which the endogenous cannabinoid system plays [...]
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