The Role of Endocannabinoid Signaling in Cortical Inhibitory Neuron Dysfunction in Schizophrenia David W. Volk and David A. Lewis Biological Psychiatry, 2016, 79, 595-603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.06.015 ABSTRACT Cannabis use has been reported to increase the risk of developing schizophrenia and to worsen symptoms of the illness. Both of these outcomes might be attributable to the disruption by cannabis of the endogenous cannabinoid system’s spatiotemporal regulation of the inhibitory circuitry in the prefrontal cortex that is essential for core cognitive processes, such as working memory, which are impaired in schizophrenia. In the healthy brain, the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonylglycerol 1) is synthesized by diacylglycerol lipase in pyramidal neurons; 2) [...]
Lire la suiteMarijuana and acute health care contacts in Colorado George SamWang, Katelyn Hall, Daniel Vigil, Shireen Banerji, AndrewMonte, Mike VanDyke Preventive Medicine, 2017, 104, 24-30. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.03.022 a b s t r a c t Over 22 million Americans are current users of marijuana; half of US states allow medical marijuana, and several allow recreational marijuana. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact marijuana has on hospitalizations, emergency department (ED) visits, and regional poison center (RPC) calls in Colorado, a medical and recreational marijuana state. This is a retrospective review using Colorado Hospital Association hospitalizations and ED visits with marijuana-related billing codes, and [...]
Lire la suiteMarijuana Use Linked to Stroke, Arrhythmia in Young People Sue Hughes Medscape - Nov 12, 2019 https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/921116?nlid=132614_2052&src=WNL_mdplsnews_191115_mscpedit_psyc&uac=292598PZ&spon=12&impID=2168195&faf=1019 Use of marijuana is linked to a higher risk of stroke and hospitalization for cardiac arrhythmia in young people, two new studies suggest. Both studies will be presented at this weekend's American Heart Association (AHA) Scientific Sessions 2019 in Philadelphia. In the observational stroke study, young adults with recent marijuana use had almost twice the risk compared with non-users of having had a stroke, and the risk increased further among frequent marijuana users. The risk of having had a stroke was even higher — three times that of non-users — in frequent [...]
Lire la suiteGene-environment interaction between an endocannabinoid system genetic polymorphism and cannabis use in first episode of psychosis Miquel Bioque, Sergi Mas, Maria Cristina Costanzo, Bibiana Cabrera, Antonio Lobo, Ana González-Pinto, Elisa Rodriguez-Toscano, Iluminada Corripio, Eduard Vieta, Immaculada Baeza, Ángela Ibáñez, Miguel Gutiérrez Fraile, Manuel J. Cuesta, Gisela Mezquida, Amalia Lafuente, Miguel Bernardo, PEPs GROUP European Neuropsychopharmacology, 2019, 29, (6), 786-794 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2019.04.005 Abstract Alterations of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) may play an important role in the development of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. Cannabis use is one of the environmental fac- tors more repeatedly related to an increase the risk of developing a psychotic episode, while its [...]
Lire la suiteComment le cannabis peut favoriser les troubles psychotiques : conséquences, dépistage et prise en charge Alain Dervaux L’Information Psychiatrique, 2019, 95, (8), 672-678 * Travail présenté aux 37es journées de la Société de l’Information Psychiatrique, Antibes, 4-6 octobre 2018. Résumé Les relations complexes entre cannabis et psychoses ont fait l’objet de nombreux travaux depuis une vingtaine d’années. La consommation de cannabis peut s’accompagner de symptômes psychotiques chez certains sujets (jusqu’à 15 % des consommateurs) qui disparaissent avec l’élimination du -9-THC de l’organisme. Elle peut aussi augmenter par deux le risque de troubles psychotiques, notamment de schizophrénie. Le risque est d’autant plus élevé que la consommation de cannabis [...]
Lire la suiteLong-Term Pot Smoking Doesn’t Seem to Harm Health : Study Mandy Oaklander, The TIME, june 7, 2016 https://time.com/4359757/pot-smoking-marijuana-cannabis-health/?fbclid=IwAR1KRAo13u_0iDCYsWwYDd7_HwwFSRX8wkBQcWtgq1VneRwAfmdQwCY2Gw0 Getty Images By Mandy Oaklander June 7, 2016 Even after years of heavy use, marijuana doesn’t seem to have much of an impact on the physical health of the body. So finds a recent study published in JAMA Psychiatry, which analyzed data from a group of 1,037 New Zealanders followed from their birth until age 38. The researchers, led by Madeline Meier of Arizona State University, looked at whether cannabis use from age 18 to 38 was linked to several aspects of physical health, which were measured at [...]
Lire la suiteMedicinal cannabis not proven in mental health, study finds Kate Kelland Reuters, Health News, October 28, 2019 LONDON (Reuters) - Evidence is weak for whether medicinal cannabis treatments can relieve mental illnesses such as anxiety, depression and psychosis, and doctors should prescribe them with great caution, researchers said on Monday. In a review of scientific studies that analyzed the impact of medicinal cannabinoids on six mental health disorders, the researchers found “a lack of evidence for their effectiveness.” Their findings have important implications for countries such as the United States, Australia, Britain and Canada, where medical cannabis is being made available for patients with certain [...]
Lire la suiteSelf-reported cannabis use characteristics, patterns and helpfulness among medical cannabis users M.O. Bonn-Miller, M.T. Boden, M.M. Bucossi, K.A. Babson The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 2014, 40, (1), 23-30. doi : 10.3109/00952990.2013.821477. OBJECTIVES Little research has investigated the demographic and symptom profile of medical cannabis users in states in the USA that have legalized cannabis use. METHODS In the present cross-sectional study, we investigated the demographic profile of 217 adults currently receiving medical cannabis, as well as differences in problematic use and perceived helpfulness in terms of (i) symptoms of psychological disorders and pain, and (ii) motives for use. RESULTS Findings indicated that medical cannabis users (i) [...]
Lire la suiteTreatment of Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome with Cannabis-Based Medicine : Results from a Retrospective Analysis and Online Survey Leonie M. Milosev, Nikolas Psathakis, Natalia Szejko, Ewgeni Jakubovski, and Kirsten R. Müller-Vahl Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1089/can.2018.0050 Abstract Introduction : Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) is a neuropsychiatric disorder that is characterized by motor and vocal tics and psychiatric comorbidities, including attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obsessive-compulsive behavior/disorder (OCB/OCD). From anecdotal reports and preliminary controlled studies, it is suggested that cannabis-based medicine (CBM) may improve tics and comorbidities in adults with GTS. This study was designed to further investigate efficacy and safety of [...]
Lire la suiteLong-Term Effects of Cannabis on Brain Structure Giovanni Battistella, Eleonora Fornari, Jean-Marie Annoni, Haithem Chtioui, Kim Dao, Marie Fabritius, Bernard Favrat, Jean-Frederic Mall, Philippe Maeder and Christian Giroud Neuropsychopharmacology, 2014, 39, 2041–2048. doi:10.1038/npp.2014.67 Abstract The dose-dependent toxicity of the main psychoactive component of cannabis in brain regions rich in cannabinoid CB1 receptors is well known in animal studies. However, research in humans does not show common findings across studies regarding the brain regions that are affected after long-term exposure to cannabis. In the present study, we investigate (using Voxel-based Morphometry) gray matter changes in a group of regular cannabis smokers in comparison with a group of [...]
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