Emergency department presentations related to acute toxicity following recreational use of cannabis products in Switzerland Yasmin Schmid, Irene Scholz, Laura Mueller, Aristomenis K. Exadaktylos, Alessandro Ceschi, Matthias E. Liechti, Evangelia Liakoni Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107726 A B S T R A C T Background : Concomitant use of cannabis and other psychoactive substances is common and it is often difficult to differentiate its acute effects from those of other substances. This study aimed to characterize the acute toxicity of cannabis with and without co-use of other substances. Methods : Retrospective analysis of cases presenting at the emergency departments of three large hospitals in Switzerland due [...]
Lire la suiteAn update on cannabis use disorder with comment on the impact of policy related to therapeutic and recreational cannabis use Alan J. Budney,· Michael J. Sofis,· Jacob T. Borodovsky European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 2019 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-018-0976-1 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019 Abstract : Confusion and controversy related to the potential for cannabis use to cause harm, or alternatively to provide benefit, continues globally. This issue has grown in intensity and importance with the increased recognition of the public health implications related to the escalation of the legalization of cannabis and cannabinoid products. This selective overview and commentary attempt to succinctly [...]
Lire la suiteThe Role of Endocannabinoid Signaling in Cortical Inhibitory Neuron Dysfunction in Schizophrenia David W. Volk and David A. Lewis Biological Psychiatry, 2016, 79, 595-603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.06.015 ABSTRACT Cannabis use has been reported to increase the risk of developing schizophrenia and to worsen symptoms of the illness. Both of these outcomes might be attributable to the disruption by cannabis of the endogenous cannabinoid system’s spatiotemporal regulation of the inhibitory circuitry in the prefrontal cortex that is essential for core cognitive processes, such as working memory, which are impaired in schizophrenia. In the healthy brain, the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonylglycerol 1) is synthesized by diacylglycerol lipase in pyramidal neurons; 2) [...]
Lire la suiteMarijuana and acute health care contacts in Colorado George SamWang, Katelyn Hall, Daniel Vigil, Shireen Banerji, AndrewMonte, Mike VanDyke Preventive Medicine, 2017, 104, 24-30. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.03.022 a b s t r a c t Over 22 million Americans are current users of marijuana; half of US states allow medical marijuana, and several allow recreational marijuana. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact marijuana has on hospitalizations, emergency department (ED) visits, and regional poison center (RPC) calls in Colorado, a medical and recreational marijuana state. This is a retrospective review using Colorado Hospital Association hospitalizations and ED visits with marijuana-related billing codes, and [...]
Lire la suiteUsing CBD to tame a cannabis high? Small doses may have opposite effect Bailey Rahn February 28, 2019 Share Print (imaginima/iStock) Take some CBD, they said. You’ll feel less high, they said. This common piece of advice fed to THC-shy consumers can effectively bring someone back down to earth. It works—sometimes. But new research shows there’s likely more nuance in the solution than we initially thought. Scientists found that a high dose of CBD dampened the effects of a THC high, but participants reported a stronger high when combined with low doses of CBD. CBD can either dampen an out-of-control high [...]
Lire la suiteSelf-reported cannabis use characteristics, patterns and helpfulness among medical cannabis users M.O. Bonn-Miller, M.T. Boden, M.M. Bucossi, K.A. Babson The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 2014, 40, (1), 23-30. doi : 10.3109/00952990.2013.821477. OBJECTIVES Little research has investigated the demographic and symptom profile of medical cannabis users in states in the USA that have legalized cannabis use. METHODS In the present cross-sectional study, we investigated the demographic profile of 217 adults currently receiving medical cannabis, as well as differences in problematic use and perceived helpfulness in terms of (i) symptoms of psychological disorders and pain, and (ii) motives for use. RESULTS Findings indicated that medical cannabis users (i) [...]
Lire la suiteLong-Term Effects of Cannabis on Brain Structure Giovanni Battistella, Eleonora Fornari, Jean-Marie Annoni, Haithem Chtioui, Kim Dao, Marie Fabritius, Bernard Favrat, Jean-Frederic Mall, Philippe Maeder and Christian Giroud Neuropsychopharmacology, 2014, 39, 2041–2048. doi:10.1038/npp.2014.67 Abstract The dose-dependent toxicity of the main psychoactive component of cannabis in brain regions rich in cannabinoid CB1 receptors is well known in animal studies. However, research in humans does not show common findings across studies regarding the brain regions that are affected after long-term exposure to cannabis. In the present study, we investigate (using Voxel-based Morphometry) gray matter changes in a group of regular cannabis smokers in comparison with a group of [...]
Lire la suiteThe Potential of Cannabidiol Treatment for Cannabis Users With Recent-Onset Psychosis Britta Hahn Schizophrenia Bulletin, 2018, vol. 44, no. 1, 46–53 doi:10.1093/schbul/sbx105 A major factor associated with poor prognostic outcome after a first psychotic break is cannabis misuse, which is prevalent in schizophrenia and particularly common in individuals with recent-onset psychosis. Behavioral interventions aimed at reducing cannabis use have been unsuccessful in this population. Cannabidiol (CBD) is a phytocannabinoid found in cannabis, although at low concentrations in modern-day strains. CBD has a broad pharmacological profile, but contrary to Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), CBD does not activate CB1 or CB2 receptors and has at most subtle subjective [...]
Lire la suiteUS Adult Illicit Cannabis Use, Cannabis Use Disorder, and Medical Marijuana Laws 1991-1992 to 2012-2013 Deborah S. Hasin, Aaron L. Sarvet, Magdalena Cerda, Katherine M. Keyes, Malka Stohl, Sandro Galea, Melanie M. Wall JAMA Psychiatry, 2017, 74, (6), 579–610. Doi : 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2017.0724 PMCID: PMC5539836 PMID: 28445557 Key Points Question Are US state medical marijuana laws one of the underlying factors for increases in risk for adult cannabis use and cannabis use disorders seen since the early 1990s? Findings In this analysis using US national survey data collected in 1991-1992, 2001-2002, and 2012-2013 from 118 497 participants, the risk for cannabis use and cannabis use disorders increased at a significantly [...]
Lire la suitePsychiatric Comorbidity of Cannabis Use Disorder David Gorelick In book : "Cannabis Use Disorders", January 2019 DOI : 10.1007/978-3-319-90365-1_13 Abstract : Objective : This chapter reviews the epidemiology and treatment of cannabis use disorder (CUD) with psychiatric comorbidity. Methods : We summarize the findings of English-language epidemiological studies reporting current (past-year) comorbidity and of controlled clinical trials of treatment in which the majority of participants had diagnosed CUD and a specific comorbid disorder. Results : There is substantial CUD comorbidity among community-dwelling adults with major psychiatric disorders: 4–6% for depression, 14% for bipolar disorder, 5% for anxiety disorder, and 16% for schizophrenia. Conversely, there is substantial psychiatric [...]
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