Marijuana Use Linked to Stroke, Arrhythmia in Young People Sue Hughes Medscape - Nov 12, 2019 https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/921116?nlid=132614_2052&src=WNL_mdplsnews_191115_mscpedit_psyc&uac=292598PZ&spon=12&impID=2168195&faf=1019 Use of marijuana is linked to a higher risk of stroke and hospitalization for cardiac arrhythmia in young people, two new studies suggest. Both studies will be presented at this weekend's American Heart Association (AHA) Scientific Sessions 2019 in Philadelphia. In the observational stroke study, young adults with recent marijuana use had almost twice the risk compared with non-users of having had a stroke, and the risk increased further among frequent marijuana users. The risk of having had a stroke was even higher — three times that of non-users — in frequent [...]
Lire la suiteComment le cannabis peut favoriser les troubles psychotiques : conséquences, dépistage et prise en charge Alain Dervaux L’Information Psychiatrique, 2019, 95, (8), 672-678 * Travail présenté aux 37es journées de la Société de l’Information Psychiatrique, Antibes, 4-6 octobre 2018. Résumé Les relations complexes entre cannabis et psychoses ont fait l’objet de nombreux travaux depuis une vingtaine d’années. La consommation de cannabis peut s’accompagner de symptômes psychotiques chez certains sujets (jusqu’à 15 % des consommateurs) qui disparaissent avec l’élimination du -9-THC de l’organisme. Elle peut aussi augmenter par deux le risque de troubles psychotiques, notamment de schizophrénie. Le risque est d’autant plus élevé que la consommation de cannabis [...]
Lire la suiteLong-Term Pot Smoking Doesn’t Seem to Harm Health : Study Mandy Oaklander, The TIME, june 7, 2016 https://time.com/4359757/pot-smoking-marijuana-cannabis-health/?fbclid=IwAR1KRAo13u_0iDCYsWwYDd7_HwwFSRX8wkBQcWtgq1VneRwAfmdQwCY2Gw0 Getty Images By Mandy Oaklander June 7, 2016 Even after years of heavy use, marijuana doesn’t seem to have much of an impact on the physical health of the body. So finds a recent study published in JAMA Psychiatry, which analyzed data from a group of 1,037 New Zealanders followed from their birth until age 38. The researchers, led by Madeline Meier of Arizona State University, looked at whether cannabis use from age 18 to 38 was linked to several aspects of physical health, which were measured at [...]
Lire la suiteMedicinal properties of Peganum harmala L. in traditional Iranian medicine and modern phytotherapy: a review Mina Cheraghi Niroumand, Mohammad Hosein Farzaei, Gholamreza Amin Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2015, 35, (1), 104-109. Abstract OBJECTIVE : To review the pharmacological activities of Peganum harmala L. (P. harmala, Nitrariaceae) in traditional Iranian medicine (TIM) and modern phytotherapy. METHODS : Opinions of TIM and modern phytotherapy about safety and acceptable dosage of this plant are discussed. Various medical properties of P. harmala were collected from important TIM references and added to scientific reports derived from modern medical databases like PubMed, Scirus, ScienceDirect and Scopus. RESULTS : The main medicinal [...]
Lire la suiteSelf-reported cannabis use characteristics, patterns and helpfulness among medical cannabis users M.O. Bonn-Miller, M.T. Boden, M.M. Bucossi, K.A. Babson The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 2014, 40, (1), 23-30. doi : 10.3109/00952990.2013.821477. OBJECTIVES Little research has investigated the demographic and symptom profile of medical cannabis users in states in the USA that have legalized cannabis use. METHODS In the present cross-sectional study, we investigated the demographic profile of 217 adults currently receiving medical cannabis, as well as differences in problematic use and perceived helpfulness in terms of (i) symptoms of psychological disorders and pain, and (ii) motives for use. RESULTS Findings indicated that medical cannabis users (i) [...]
Lire la suiteLong-Term Effects of Cannabis on Brain Structure Giovanni Battistella, Eleonora Fornari, Jean-Marie Annoni, Haithem Chtioui, Kim Dao, Marie Fabritius, Bernard Favrat, Jean-Frederic Mall, Philippe Maeder and Christian Giroud Neuropsychopharmacology, 2014, 39, 2041–2048. doi:10.1038/npp.2014.67 Abstract The dose-dependent toxicity of the main psychoactive component of cannabis in brain regions rich in cannabinoid CB1 receptors is well known in animal studies. However, research in humans does not show common findings across studies regarding the brain regions that are affected after long-term exposure to cannabis. In the present study, we investigate (using Voxel-based Morphometry) gray matter changes in a group of regular cannabis smokers in comparison with a group of [...]
Lire la suiteThe Potential of Cannabidiol Treatment for Cannabis Users With Recent-Onset Psychosis Britta Hahn Schizophrenia Bulletin, 2018, vol. 44, no. 1, 46–53 doi:10.1093/schbul/sbx105 A major factor associated with poor prognostic outcome after a first psychotic break is cannabis misuse, which is prevalent in schizophrenia and particularly common in individuals with recent-onset psychosis. Behavioral interventions aimed at reducing cannabis use have been unsuccessful in this population. Cannabidiol (CBD) is a phytocannabinoid found in cannabis, although at low concentrations in modern-day strains. CBD has a broad pharmacological profile, but contrary to Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), CBD does not activate CB1 or CB2 receptors and has at most subtle subjective [...]
Lire la suiteUS Adult Illicit Cannabis Use, Cannabis Use Disorder, and Medical Marijuana Laws 1991-1992 to 2012-2013 Deborah S. Hasin, Aaron L. Sarvet, Magdalena Cerda, Katherine M. Keyes, Malka Stohl, Sandro Galea, Melanie M. Wall JAMA Psychiatry, 2017, 74, (6), 579–610. Doi : 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2017.0724 PMCID: PMC5539836 PMID: 28445557 Key Points Question Are US state medical marijuana laws one of the underlying factors for increases in risk for adult cannabis use and cannabis use disorders seen since the early 1990s? Findings In this analysis using US national survey data collected in 1991-1992, 2001-2002, and 2012-2013 from 118 497 participants, the risk for cannabis use and cannabis use disorders increased at a significantly [...]
Lire la suiteHippocampal Neurotoxicity of D9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Guy Chiu-Kai Chan, Thomas R. Hinds, Soren Impey, and Daniel R. Storm The Journal of Neuroscience, 1998, 18, (14), 5322–5332 Marijuana consumption elicits diverse physiological and psychological effects in humans, including memory loss. Here we report that D9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the major psychoactive component of marijuana, is toxic for hippocampal neurons. Treatment of cultured neurons or hippocampal slices with THC caused shrinkage of neuronal cell bodies and nuclei as well as genomic DNA strand breaks, hallmarks of neuronal apoptosis. Neuron death induced by THC was inhibited by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, including indomethacin and aspirin, as well as vitamin E and [...]
Lire la suiteCannabidiol Counteracts the Psychotropic Side-Effects of Δ-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol in the Ventral Hippocampus through Bidirectional Control of ERK1–2 Phosphorylation Roger Hudson, Justine Renard, Christopher Norris, Walter J. Rushlow and Steven R. Laviolette Journal of Neuroscience, 2019, 39, (44), 8762-8777 Doi : https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0708-19.2019 Abstract Evidence suggests that the phytocannabinoids Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) differentially regulate salience attribution and psychiatric risk. The ventral hippocampus (vHipp) relays emotional salience via control of dopamine (DA) neuronal activity states, which are dysregulated in psychosis and schizophrenia. Using in vivo electrophysiology in male Sprague Dawley rats, we demonstrate that intra-vHipp THC strongly increases ventral tegmental area (VTA) DA neuronal frequency [...]
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