La classification des substances psychoactives. Lorsque la science n’est pas écoutée Commission Globale de Politique en Matière de Drogues Rapport 2019 Sommaire Avant-propos................................................................................................................................ 3 Résumé......................................................................................................................................... 4 Classification des drogues : science ou idéologie?....................................................................... 7 Le système international de classification.................................................................................. 13 Histoire du régime mondial de contrôle des drogues................................................................. 13 Les incohérences corrompent le système actuel......................................................................... 16 Défaut d’équilibre : l’accès aux médicaments sous contrôle....................................................... 19 Recommandation......................................................................................................................... 21 Les enseignements des marchés (semi-)légaux.......................................................................... 25 Les plantes psychoactives non-classées...................................................................................... 25 La régulation légale du cannabis................................................................................................. 26 Les nouvelles substances psychoactives...................................................................................... 27 Recommandation......................................................................................................................... 29 Difficultés et options de réforme................................................................................................. 31 Améliorer le système actuel......................................................................................................... 31 Une échelle rationnelle des risques............................................................................................. 33 Redonner de la flexibilité nationale pour la régulation légale.................................................... 35 Recommandation........................................................................................................................ 37 Observations finales.................................................................................................................... [...]
Lire la suitePharmacokinetics and subjective effects of a novel oral LSD formulation in healthy subjects Friederike Holze, Urs Duthaler, Patrick Vizeli, Felix Müller, Stefan Borgwardt, Matthias E. Liechti British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, March 2019 Doi : 10.1111/bcp.13918 Aims : The aim of the present study was to characterize the pharmacokinetics and exposure–subjective response relationship of a novel oral solution of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) that was developed for clinical use in research and patients. Method : LSD (100 μg) was administered in 27 healthy subjects using a placebocontrolled, double‐blind, cross‐over design. Plasma levels of LSD, nor‐LSD, and 2‐ oxo‐3‐hydroxy‐LSD (O‐H‐LSD) and subjective drug effects were assessed [...]
Lire la suiteDe la première vague à la renaissance psychédélique ATHS 2019, Biarritz, 1-4 octobre 2019 Dr Bertrand LEBEAU LEIBOVICI Les psychédéliques « classiques » A l’exception du LSD, ce sont des substances naturelles consommées par certains peuples depuis des millénaires Les psychédéliques « classiques » interagissent avec le récepteur 5HT2a : LSD psilocybine DMT (Diméthyltryptamine) mescaline Une définition plus large des psychédéliques : Les entactogènes et empathogènes: MDMA, MDA, 2-CB, 2C-T-7 etc. Les substances dissociatives antagonistes NMDA : kétamine, PCP Les substances dissociatives agonistes kappa-opioïdes : ibogaïne et Salvia Divinorum Tryptamines et phényléthylamines : Les psychédéliques sont : soit des tryptamines : LSD, psilocybine, DMT, ibogaïne, bufoténine (5-hydroxy-DMT) soit des phényléthylamines: MDMA, mescaline, MDA, 2C-B etc. La psychiatrie en [...]
Lire la suiteThe Consciousness Research of Stanislav Grof : A Cosmic Portal Beyond Individuality By Richard Yensen, Ph.D. and Donna A. Dryer, M.D., M.P.H. ©1998 Richard Yensen & Donna Dryer I. Introduction Stanislav Grof began his research in Prague, Czechoslovakia, as a psychiatric resident, in the late 1950’s. His initial observations seemed to confirm and offer a laboratory proof for many of the basic tenets of Freudian psychoanalytic thought. At that time his conclusion was politically unsettling because psychoanalysis was repressed in the iron curtain countries. Forty years later the outcome of Grof’s continued research is a theoretical framework for understanding human consciousness. His theory has [...]
Lire la suiteBibliographie : Mescaline et Peyotl Dr Christian SUEUR, GRECC, avril 2020. 1 - Mescaline et Peyotl, Histoire et culture : 1 - 2 2 - Neuro-Psychophysiologie de la mescaline : 3 - 4 3 - Pharmacologie de la mescaline : 5 - 7 4 - Toxicologie de la mescaline : 8 5 - Complications psychiatriques de la mescaline : 8 6 - Ethnopharmacologie du Peyotl : 9 - 11 7 - Mescaline et thérapie psychédélique : 12 - 13
Lire la suiteMescal : A New Artificial Paradise Havelock Ellis The Contemporary Review, Jan 1898 https://erowid.org/plants/peyote/peyote_article1.shtml It has been known for some years that the Kiowa Indians of New Mexico are accustomed to eat, in their religious ceremonies, a certain cactus called Anhalonium Lewinii, or mescal button. Mescal -- which must not be confounded with the intoxicating drink of the same name made from an agave -- is found in the Mexican Valley of the Rio Grande, the ancestral home of the Kiowa Indians, as well as in Texas, and is a brown and brittle substance, nauseous and bitter to the taste, composed mainly of the [...]
Lire la suiteMedicinal Plants of the Russian Pharmacopoeia; their history and applications Alexander N. Shikov, Olga N. Pozharitskaya, Valery G. Makarov, Hildebert Wagner, Rob Verpoorte, Michael Heinrich Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2014, 154, 481–536 Doi : 10.1016/j.jep.2014.04.007 Ethnopharmacological relevance : Due to the location of Russia between West and East, Russian phytotherapy has accumulated and adopted approaches that originated in European and Asian traditional medicine. Phytotherapy is an official and separate branch of medicine in Russia; thus, herbal medicinal preparations are considered official medicaments.The aim of the present review is to summarize and critically appraise data concerning plants used in Russian medicine.This review describes the history of herbal [...]
Lire la suiteWhat to Know About Peyote Use By Buddy T Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD VeryWell Mind.com, Updated on February 14, 2020 https://www.verywellmind.com/how-long-does-peyote-stay-in-your-system-80310 kedsirin jaidee / Getty Images Peyote (Lophophora williamsii or Lophophora diffusa) is a small, spineless cactus that is found in the southwest United States, northern Mexico and Peru. The plant has been used for about six thousand years by native tribes for religious and healing purposes. Peyote's principal active ingredient is mescaline, a psychedelic compound that can also be man-made through chemical synthesis.1 The peyote buttons, protrusions found on the tops of the cactus plants, are usually dried and then chewed or [...]
Lire la suiteThe Effect of a Single Dose of Intravenous Ketamine on Suicidal Ideation: A Systematic Review and Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis Samuel T. Wilkinson, M.D., Elizabeth D. Ballard, Ph.D., Michael H. Bloch, M.D., M.S., Sanjay J. Mathew, M.D., James W. Murrough, M.D., Ph.D., Adriana Feder, M.D., Peter Sos, M.D., Ph.D., Gang Wang, M.D., Carlos A. Zarate, Jr., M.D., Gerard Sanacora, M.D., Ph.D. American Journal of Psychiatry, 2018, 175, (2) 150–158. Doi : 10.1176/appi.ajp.2017.17040472 Objective : Suicide is a public health crisis with limited treatment options. The authors conducted a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis examining the effects of a single dose of ketamine [...]
Lire la suiteLSD Increases Primary Process Thinking via Serotonin 2A Receptor Activation Rainer Kraehenmann, Dan Pokorny, Helena Aicher, Katrin H. Preller, Thomas Pokorny, Oliver G. Bosch, Erich Seifritz and Franz X. Vollenweider Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2017, Volume 8, Article 814, 1-9. Doi : 10.3389/fphar.2017.00814 Rationale : Stimulation of serotonin 2A (5-HT2A) receptors by lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and related compounds such as psilocybin has previously been shown to increase primary process thinking – an ontologically and evolutionary early, implicit, associative, and automatic mode of thinking which is typically occurring during altered states of consciousness such as dreaming. However, it is still largely unknown whether LSD induces [...]
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