Catégorie : Pharmacologie

Cannabidiol modulation of oxidative stress and signalling, Sonia R. Pereira et al., 2021

Cannabidiol modulation of oxidative stress and signalling Sonia R. Pereira, Becky Hackett, David N. O’Driscoll, Melody Cui Sun and Eric J. Downer Neuronal Signaling, 2021, 5,  NS20200080 doi : 10.1042/NS20200080   Cannabidiol (CBD), one of the primary non-euphoric components in the Cannabis sativa L. plant, has undergone clinical development over the last number of years as a therapeutic for patients with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome and Dravet syndromes. This phytocannabinoid demonstrates functional and pharmacological diversity, and research data indicate that CBD is a comparable antioxidant to common antioxidants. This review gathers the latest knowledge regarding the impact of CBD on oxidative signalling, with focus on the proclivity [...]

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Cannabinoids and Neurogenesis : The Promised Solution for Neurodegeneration ?, Andrea Valeri and Emanuela Mazzon, 2021

Cannabinoids and Neurogenesis : The Promised Solution for Neurodegeneration ? Andrea Valeri and Emanuela Mazzon Molecules, 2021, 26, 6313, 1-26. doi : 10.3390/molecules26206313   Abstract : The concept of neurons as irreplaceable cells does not hold true today. Experiments and evidence of neurogenesis, also, in the adult brain give hope that some compounds or drugs can enhance this process, helping to reverse the outcomes of diseases or traumas that once were thought to be everlasting. Cannabinoids, both from natural and artificial origins, already proved to have several beneficial effects (e.g., anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidants and analgesic action), but also capacity to increase neuronal population, by replacing the [...]

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In vitro and in vivo pharmacological activity of minor cannabinoids isolated from Cannabis sativa, Ayat Zagzoog et al., 2020

In vitro and in vivo pharmacological activity of minor cannabinoids isolated from Cannabis sativa Ayat Zagzoog, Kawthar A. Mohamed, Hye Ji J. Kim, Eunhyun D. Kim, Connor S. Frank, Tallan Black, Pramodkumar D. Jadhav, Larry A. Holbrook & Robert B. Laprairie Scientific Reports, www.nature.com, 2020, 10, 20405, 1-13. Doi : 10.1038/s41598-020-77175-y   The Cannabis sativa plant contains more than 120 cannabinoids. With the exceptions of Δ9-tetrahydro-cannabinol (Δ9-THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), comparatively little is known about the pharmacology of the less-abundant plant-derived (phyto) cannabinoids. The best-studied transducers of cannabinoid-dependent effects are type 1 and type 2 cannabinoid receptors (CB1R, CB2R). Partial agonism of CB1R by Δ9-THC is [...]

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Terpenoids From Cannabis Do Not Mediate an Entourage Effect by Acting at Cannabinoid Receptors, David B. Finlay et al., 2020

Terpenoids From Cannabis Do Not Mediate an Entourage Effect by Acting at Cannabinoid Receptors David B. Finlay, Kathleen J. Sircombe, Mhairi Nimick, Callum Jones and Michelle Glass Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2020, Volume 11, Article 359, 1-9. doi : 10.3389/fphar.2020.00359   The entourage effect was a proposed explanation for biological observations that endocannabinoid ligand activities can be modified by other lipids released from cells at the same time. An increasing volume of anecdotal reports and interest in the plant have provoked research into the activity of minor chemical constituents of the plant—including volatile terpenoids such as myrcene, a- and b- pinene, b-caryophyllene, and limonene. However, to [...]

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New psychoactive substances: a review and updates, Abu Shafi et al., 2020

New psychoactive substances: a review and updates Abu Shafi, Alex J. Berry, Harry Sumnall, David M. Wood and Derek K. Tracy Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology, 2020, Vol. 10, 1–21. Doi : 10.1177/2045125320967197   Abstract : New psychoactive substances (NPS) are a heterogeneous group of substances. They are associated with a number of health and social harms on an individual and societal level. NPS toxicity and dependence syndromes are recognised in primary care, emergency departments, psychiatric inpatient and community care settings. One pragmatic classification system is to divide NPS into one of four groups: synthetic stimulants, synthetic cannabinoids, synthetic hallucinogens and synthetic depressants (which include synthetic opioids [...]

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Molecular Mechanisms of Action of Novel Psychoactive Substances (NPS). A New Threat for Young Drug Users with Forensic-Toxicological Implications, Arianna Giorgetti et al., 2021

Molecular Mechanisms of Action of Novel Psychoactive Substances (NPS). A New Threat for Young Drug Users with Forensic-Toxicological Implications Arianna Giorgetti, Jennifer P. Pascali, Paolo Fais, Guido Pelletti, Andrea Gabbin, Giorgia Franchetti, Giovanni Cecchetto  and Guido Viel Life, 2021, 11, 440, 1-17. doi : 10.3390/life11050440   Abstract : Novel psychoactive substances (NPS) represent a severe health risk for drug users. Even though the phenomenon has been growing since the early 2000s, the mechanisms of action of NPS at the receptors and beyond them are still scarcely understood. The aim of the present study was to provide a systematic review of the updated knowledge regarding the molecular [...]

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Cannabinoids Block Cellular Entry of SARS-CoV‑2 and the Emerging Variants, Richard B. van Breemen et al., 2022

Cannabinoids Block Cellular Entry of SARS-CoV‑2 and the Emerging Variants Richard B. van Breemen, Ruth N. Muchiri, Timothy A. Bates, Jules B. Weinstein, Hans C. Leier, Scotland Farley, and Fikadu G. Tafesse Journal of Natural Products, 2022, 85, 176−184. Doi : 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c00946 ABSTRACT : As a complement to vaccines, small-molecule therapeutic agents are needed to treat or prevent infections by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its variants, which cause COVID-19. Affinity selection−mass spectrometry was used for the discovery of botanical ligands to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Cannabinoid acids from hemp (Cannabis sativa) were found to be allosteric as well as orthosteric ligands [...]

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Cannabidiol as a Therapeutic Alternative for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder : From Bench Research to Confirmation in Human Trials, Rafael M. Bitencourt and Reinaldo N. Takahashi, 2018

Cannabidiol as a Therapeutic Alternative for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder : From Bench Research to Confirmation in Human Trials Rafael M. Bitencourt and Reinaldo N. Takahashi Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2018, 12, 502, 1-10. Doi : 10.3389/fnins.2018.00502   Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized by poor adaptation to a traumatic experience. This disorder affects approximately 10% of people at some point in life. Current pharmacological therapies for PTSD have been shown to be inefficient and produce considerable side effects. Since the discovery of the involvement of the endocannabinoid (eCB) system in emotional memory processing, pharmacological manipulation of eCB signaling has become a therapeutic possibility for the treatment of [...]

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Integrating Endocannabinoid Signaling and Cannabinoids into the Biology and Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Matthew N. Hill et al., 2018

Integrating Endocannabinoid Signaling and Cannabinoids into the Biology and Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Matthew N. Hill, Patrizia Campolongo, Rachel Yehuda and Sachin Pate Neuropsychopharmacology REVIEWS, 2018, 43, 80–102. doi : 10.1038/npp.2017.162   Exposure to stress is an undeniable, but in most cases surmountable, part of life. However, in certain individuals, exposure to severe or cumulative stressors can lead to an array of pathological conditions including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), characterized by debilitating trauma-related intrusive thoughts, avoidance behaviors, hyperarousal, as well as depressed mood and anxiety. In the context of the rapidly changing political and legal landscape surrounding use of cannabis products in the USA, [...]

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Bibliographie : Cannabis et Cannabinoides en Psychiatrie, Docteur Christian Sueur, GRECC, janvier 2022

Bibliographie : Cannabis et Cannabinoides en Psychiatrie   Docteur Christian Sueur, GRECC, janvier 2022. (5e version, janvier 2022....)   1 - Généralités : 1 - 11 2 -Cannabinoïdes et anxiété : 12 3 - Cannabidiol anxiolytique : 13 - 15 4 - Cannabidiol antipsychotique : 16 - 21 5 - Cannabinoïdes et dépression : 22 - 28 6 - Cannabidiol antidépresseur : 28 7 - Cannabinoïdes et Sommeil : 29 - 30 8 - Cannabinoïdes et addiction / Substance Use Disorders : 31 - 33 9 - Cannabinoïdes et addiction au Cannabis : 34 - 43 10 - Cannabinoïdes et addictions (cocaine, opiacés, amphétamines, alcool, tabac) : 44 - 57 11 - Cannabinoides et syndrome de Gilles [...]

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