Que (Devrait-on) Savoir sur la Pharmacologie du Cannabidiol ? Article rédigé par les Centres d’Addictovigilance de Grenoble, Marseille, Paris Addictovigilance, Bulletin de l’Association des Centres d’Addictovigilance, 2020, 13. www.addictovigilance.fr Messages clefs Les phyto-cannabinoïdes et les cannabinoïdes de synthèse ont des effets très variés,utiles à caractériser d’un point devue pharmacologique pour mieux préciser les effets de chacun et leurs éventuelles interactions chez l’Homme, a fortiori dans un contexte de large diffusion. Le cannabidiol (CBD) est l’un des principaux phyto-cannabinoïdes présent dans Cannabis sativa, avec le tétrahydrocannabinol (THC). Le CBD a une action pléiotropique notamment sur les récepteurs à la sérotonine, à la dopamine et pas ou très peu [...]
Lire la suiteRisk of Persistence and Progression of Use of 5 Cannabis Products After Experimentation Among Adolescents Jessica L. Barrington-Trimis, PhD; Junhan Cho, PhD; Esthelle Ewusi-Boisvert, BA; Deborah Hasin, PhD; Jennifer B. Unger, PhD; Richard A. Miech, PhD; Adam M. Leventhal, PhD JAMA Network Open, 2020, 3, (1), e1919792. doi : 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.19792 Abstract IMPORTANCE : While a diverse array of cannabis products that may appeal to youth is currently available, it is unknown whether the risk of persistent cannabis use and progression to higher frequency of use after experimentation differs among cannabis products. OBJECTIVE : To estimate the comparative relative risk of experimental use of 5 cannabis products [...]
Lire la suiteInteraction of maternal choline levels and prenatal Marijuana's effects on the offspring Camille Hoffman, Sharon K. Hunter, Angelo D'Alessandro, KathleenNoonan et al. Psychological Medicine, 2019 Doi : https://doi.org/10.1017/S003329171900179X Published online by Cambridge University Press: 31 July 2019 Abstract Background : This study investigated whether higher maternal choline levels mitigate effects of marijuana on fetal brain development. Choline transported into the amniotic fluid from the mother activates α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on fetal cerebro-cortical inhibitory neurons, whose development is impeded by cannabis blockade of their cannabinoid-1(CB1) receptors. Methods : Marijuana use was assessed during pregnancy from women who later brought their newborns for study. Mothers were informed about [...]
Lire la suiteCannabis à visée thérapeutique : Projet d’expérimentation Comité scientifique spécialisé temporaire « évaluation de la pertinence et de la faisabilité de la mise à disposition du cannabis thérapeutique en France » 27/06/2019 Dans la suite de l’avis du Comité scientifique spécialisé temporaire « évaluation de la pertinence et de la faisabilité de la mise à disposition du cannabis thérapeutique en France », il a été décidé la mise en place d’une expérimentation sous l’égide de l’ANSM, ciblant l’utilisation du cannabis à des fins thérapeutiques dans certaines indications ou situations cliniques. L’objectif principal de la phase expérimentale est d’évaluer, en situation réelle, les recommandations du [...]
Lire la suiteCannabis and the developing brain : Insights from behavior Viviana Trezza, Vincenzo Cuomo, Louk J.M.J. Vanderschuren European Journal of Pharmacology, 2008, 585, 441-452. Doi : 10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.01.058 A B S T R A C T The isolation and identification, in 1964, of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the primary psycho-active compound in cannabis, opened the door to a whole new field of medical research. The exploration of the therapeutic potential of THC and other natural and synthetic cannabinoid compounds was paralleled by the discovery of the endocannabinoid system, comprising cannabinoid receptors and their endogenous ligands, which offered exciting new insights into brain function. Besides its well-known involvement in specific [...]
Lire la suiteDevelopmental consequences of perinatal cannabis exposure : behavioral and neuroendocrine effects in adult rodents Patrizia Campolongo, Viviana Trezza, Patrizia Ratano, Maura Palmery & Vincenzo Cuomo Psychopharmacology, 2011, 214, 5–15 Doi : 10.1007/s00213-010-1892-x Abstract Rationale : Cannabis is the most commonly used illicit drug among pregnant women. Since the endocannabinoid system plays a crucial role in brain development, maternal exposure to cannabis derivatives might result in longlasting neurobehavioral abnormalities in the exposed offspring. It is difficult to detect these effects, and their underlying neurobiological mechanisms, in clinical cohorts, because of their intrinsic methodological and interpretative issues. Objectives : The present paper reviews relevant rodent studies examining the [...]
Lire la suiteChanging landscape of cannabis : novel products, formulations, and methods of administration Tory R Spindle, Marcel O Bonn-Miller and Ryan Vandrey Current Opinion in Psychology, 2019, 30, 98–102 Doi : 10.1016/j.copsyc.2019.04.002 Abstract Laws regulating cannabis have changed radically in the U.S. and abroad. Historically, users smoked dried cannabis flowers that contained D9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the primary psychoactive component of cannabis, as the principal product constituent. Coincident with cannabis legalization and increased interest in medicinal use of the plant, there is now an expansive retail cannabis marketplace with novel cannabis products, formulations, and methods of administration. In this review, we describe emergent cannabis product chemotypes (e.g. THC-dominant, [...]
Lire la suiteThe health and social effects of nonmedical cannabis use World Health Organization, 2016. CONTENTS Foreward. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . v Acknowledgements .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [...]
Lire la suiteAssociation Between Recreational Cannabis Use and Cardiac Structure and Function Mohammed Y. Khanji, Magnus T. Jensen, Asmaa A. Kenawy, Zahra Raisi-Estabragh, Jose M. Paiva, Nay Aung, Kenneth Fung, Elena Lukaschuk, Filip Zemrak, Aaron M. Lee, Ahmet Barutcu, Edd Maclean, Jackie Cooper, Stefan K. Piechnik, Stefan Neubauer and Steffen E. Petersen JACC : Cardiovascular Imaging, 2019. Doi : 10.1016/j.jcmg.2019.10.012 LETTER TO THE EDITOR Cannabis is one of the most widely produced and consumed recreational drugs in the world, with over 192 million global users (1). The World Health Organization has warned against the potential harmful health effects of nonmedicinal cannabis use and highlighted the need for more [...]
Lire la suiteAssociation Between Recreational Marijuana Legalization in the United States and Changes in Marijuana Use and Cannabis Use Disorder From 2008 to 2016 Magdalena Cerdá, DrPH; Christine Mauro, PhD; Ava Hamilton, BA; Natalie S. Levy, MPH; Julián Santaella-Tenorio, DrPH; Deborah Hasin, PhD; Melanie M.Wall, PhD; Katherine M. Keyes, PhD; Silvia S. Martins, MD, PhD JAMA Psychiatry, 2019. doi : 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.3254 IMPORTANCE : Little is known about changes in marijuana use and cannabis use disorder (CUD) after recreational marijuana legalization (RML). OBJECTIVES : To examine the associations between RML enactment and changes in marijuana use, frequent use, and CUD in the United States from 2008 to 2016. DESIGN, SETTING, AND [...]
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