Cannabis « médical » contre cannabis « récréatif » : une vision trop simpliste Nicolas Authier, The Conversation, 22 janvier 2020 https://theconversation.com/cannabis-medical-contre-cannabis-recreatif-une-vision-trop-simpliste-129090 Ponctuel ou régulier, seul ou en groupe, pour soulager une souffrance ou chercher une convivialité… L’usage du cannabis diffère selon que sa finalité est médicale ou non médicale. En France, l’usage médical du cannabis, sous forme de médicament, est autorisé depuis 2013, sous forme de spécialités pharmaceutiques. Cet usage médical est généralement opposé à l’usage dit « récréatif ». Cependant, si cette description simplifiée facilite les questions de réglementation, elle ne permet pas, du point de vue de la santé publique, de proposer [...]
Lire la suiteAntidepressive, anxiolytic, and antiaddictive effects of ayahuasca, psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) : a systematic review of clinical trials published in the last 25 years Rafael G. dos Santos, Flávia L. Osório, José Alexandre S. Crippa, Jordi Riba, Antônio W. Zuardi and Jaime E. C. Hallak Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology, 2016, Vol. 6, (3) 193–213 Doi : 10.1177/2045125316638008 Abstract : To date, pharmacological treatments for mood and anxiety disorders and for drug dependence show limited efficacy, leaving a large number of patients suffering severe and persistent symptoms. Preliminary studies in animals and humans suggest that ayahuasca, psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) may have [...]
Lire la suiteRecent Advances in the Neuropsychopharmacology of Serotonergic Hallucinogens Adam L. Halberstadt Behavioral Brain Research, 2015, 15, 277, 99–120. doi : 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.07.016 Abstract Serotonergic hallucinogens, such as (+)-lysergic acid diethylamide, psilocybin, and mescaline, are somewhat enigmatic substances. Although these drugs are derived from multiple chemical families, they all produce remarkably similar effects in animals and humans, and they show cross-tolerance. This article reviews the evidence demonstrating the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor is the primary site of hallucinogen action. The 5-HT2A receptor is responsible for mediating the effects of hallucinogens in human subjects, as well as in animal behavioral paradigms such as drug discrimination, head twitch response, prepulse [...]
Lire la suiteBenefits and Harms of Plant-Based Cannabis for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. A Systematic Review Maya E. O’Neil, PhD; Shannon M. Nugent, PhD; Benjamin J. Morasco, PhD; Michele Freeman, MPH; Allison Low, BA; Karli Kondo, PhD; Bernadette Zakher, MBBS; Camille Elven, MD; Makalapua Motu’apuaka, BA; Robin Paynter, MLIS; and Devan Kansagara, MD, MCR Annals of Internal Medicine, 2020 doi : 10.7326/M17-0477 Background : Cannabis is available from medical dispensaries for treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in many states of the union, yet its efficacy in treating PTSD symptoms remains uncertain. Purpose : To identify ongoing studies and review existing evidence regarding the benefits and harms of plant-based [...]
Lire la suitePharmacotherapy for the Treatment of Cannabis Use Disorder. A Systematic Review Karli K. Kondo, PhD; Benjamin J. Morasco, PhD; Shannon M. Nugent, PhD; Chelsea K. Ayers, MPH; Maya E. O’Neil, PhD; Michele Freeman, MPH, and Devan Kansagara, MD, MCR Annals of Internal Medicine, 2020, 172, 398-412. doi : 10.7326/M19-1105 Background : Cannabis use disorder (CUD) is a growing concern, and evidence-based data are needed to inform treatment options. Purpose : To review the benefits and risks of pharmacotherapies for the treatment of CUD. Data Sources : MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and clinical trial registries from inception through September 2019. Study Selection : Pharmacotherapy trials [...]
Lire la suiteNeural Mechanisms for the Cannabinoid Modulation of Cognition and Affect in Man : A Critical Review of Neuroimaging Studies Sagnik Bhattacharyya, Zerrin Atakan, Rocio Martin-Santos, Jose A. Crippa and Philip K. McGuire Current Pharmaceutical Design, 2012, 18, 5045-5054 Abstract Pharmacological challenge in conjunction with neuroimaging techniques has been employed for over two decades now to understand the neural basis of the cognitive, emotional and symptomatic effects of the main ingredients of cannabis, the most widely used illicit drug in the world. This selective critical review focuses on the human neuroimaging studies investigating the effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), the two main cannabinoids [...]
Lire la suiteFrequent Cannabis Use in Depression Tripled Over Past Decade Batya Swift Yasgur, MA, LSW Medscape, August 19, 2020 Not only are individuals with depression at significantly higher risk for cannabis use compared with those without depression, this trend has increased dramatically over the last decade, new research shows. Investigators analyzed data from more than 16,000 US adults between the ages of 20 and 59 years and found that those with depression had almost twice the odds of any past-month cannabis use compared with those without depression. Odds rose from 1.5 in the 2005-2006 period to 2.3 in the 2015-2016 period. Moreover, the odds ratio (OR) [...]
Lire la suiteOral Cannabidiol Does Not Convert to Δ8-THC or Δ9-THC in Humans : A Pharmacokinetic Study in Healthy Subjects José Alexandre S. Crippa, Antonio Waldo Zuardi, Jaime Eduardo Cecílio Hallak, Bruna Miyazawa, Sandra Aparecido Bernardo, Carmem Maria Donaduzzi, Silvane Guzzi, Wagner Alex Jann Favreto, Alline Campos, Maria Eugênia C. Queiroz, Francisco S. Guimarães, Patrícia Moura da Rosa Zimmermann, Letícia Mello Rechia, Volnei Jose Tondo Filho Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, 2020, Vol. 5, No. 1 Doi : 10.1089/can.2019.0024 Abstract Introduction: Recent studies have suggested that cannabidiol (CBD) could interconvert into Delta-8- and Delta-9- tetrahydrocannabinol. Materials and Methods: Thus, we tested the plasma samples of 120 healthy human subjects [...]
Lire la suiteFDA Okays New Indication for Esketamine Nasal Spray Megan Brooks Medscape - Aug 03, 2020. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the supplemental new drug application for esketamine nasal spray (Spravato, Janssen Pharmaceuticals) to treat depressive symptoms in adults with major depressive disorder (MDD) and acute suicidal ideation or behavior. The FDA approved esketamine nasal spray for treatment-resistant depression in March 2019, as reported by Medscape Medical News. The new indication is based on data from two identical phase 3 trials — ASPIRE I and ASPIRE II — which evaluated the efficacy and safety of the nasal spray in addition to a comprehensive standard of care [...]
Lire la suiteCannabidiol for the treatment of cannabis use disorder : a phase 2a, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised, adaptive Bayesian trial Tom P Freeman, Chandni Hindocha, Gianluca Baio, Natacha D C Shaban, Emily M Thomas, Danica Astbury, Abigail M Freeman, Rachel Lees, Sam Craft, Paul D Morrison, Michael A P Bloomfield, Dominic O'Ryan, Jane Kinghorn, Celia J A Morgan, Ali Mofeez, H Valerie Curran The Lancet Psychiatry, 2020, doi : 10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30290-X Abstract Background : A substantial and unmet clinical need exists for pharmacological treatment of cannabis use disorders. Cannabidiol could offer a novel treatment, but it is unclear which doses might be efficacious or safe. Therefore, we aimed to identify efficacious doses and eliminate inefficacious doses in a phase 2a trial using [...]
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